You can mark you interesting snippets of text that will be available through a unique link in your browser.


Italian Popular Party

Italian Popular Party

Italian  Partito Popolare Italiano (PPI) , formerly (until 1994)  Christian Democratic Party , Italian  Partito della Democrazia Cristiana (DC) 

      centrist Italian political party whose several factions are united by their Roman Catholicism and anticommunism. They advocate programs ranging from social reform to the defense of free enterprise. The DC usually dominated Italian politics from World War II until the mid-1990s.

      In January 1919 a Sicilian priest, Luigi Sturzo (Sturzo, Luigi), founded the original Italian Popular Party. Its tight organization and discipline won it quick success. In 1919 the party won 101 of 508 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, and PPI ministers were included in various governments over the next several years. In 1926, however, the fascists banned all political parties, and the leaders of the PPI were forced out of politics or into exile.

      After Italy's surrender in World War II (1943), old PPI leaders, with the support of many Roman Catholic organizations, founded the Christian Democratic Party. In December 1945 its leader, Alcide De Gasperi (De Gasperi, Alcide), became premier, holding office for eight years. Italian politics took a decisive turn in May 1947, when De Gasperi excluded the socialist and communist parties from his government. Until the early 1960s, the Christian Democrats either governed on the basis of four-party “centre” coalitions with centre and right-centre parties or, in time of stress, formed single-party “caretaker” governments.

      In the 1950s the Christian Democratic premiers encountered increasing difficulty in forming centre governments as their party's left wing gained strength and the centre-right parties became more conservative. Many Christian Democrats looked for an “opening to the left”—an alliance with the Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano; PSI)—and in 1963, after years of careful political groundwork, Aldo Moro (Moro, Aldo) of the Christian Democrats succeeded in forming a government that included the PSI. DC and PSI cabinets dominated most of the 1960s and much of the '70s. The DC weakened somewhat owing to scandal involving alleged secret government influence of a Masonic lodge, and in 1981 the DC temporarily surrendered the premiership and presidency to its coalition partners. The party remained strong, however, and was the dominant partner in a series of coalition governments until the early 1990s. By then the Cold War had ended, along with the political climate that had enabled the DC, the PSI, and their smaller centrist allies to form coalition governments that excluded the communists but tolerated political corruption. In 1992–93 the DC was rocked by the implication of some of its leading members in financial scandals and political corruption. In January 1994 the struggling DC reverted to its original name, but in parliamentary elections later that year, the Italian Popular Party fell from power and was reduced to a fairly minor party. It subsequently joined the centre-left Olive Tree coalition, and from 1996 to 2001 it participated as a junior member of Italy's coalition government.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

  
Share  

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Italian Socialist Party — Infobox Italian former political party name english = Italian Socialist Party foundation = 1892 dissolution = 1994 newspaper = Avanti! leaders = Filippo Turati, Pietro Nenni, Sandro Pertini, Francesco De Martino, Giacomo Mancini, Bettino Craxi… …   Wikipedia

  • Italian Communist Party — Infobox Political Party foundation = 1921 dissolution = 1991 party name = Italian Communist Party party name italian = Partito Comunista Italiano party party status = Former Italian National Party membership = max: 2,252,446 (1947) min: 1,264,790 …   Wikipedia

  • Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party — Marxist Leninist Italian Communist Party Partito Comunista Italiano Marxista Leninista Leader Domenico Savio Founded 1999 Newspaper …   Wikipedia

  • French Popular Party — Parti Populaire Français Leader Jacques Doriot …   Wikipedia

  • Italian Social Movement — Movimento Sociale Italiano Leader Giorgio Almirante, Augusto De Marsanich …   Wikipedia

  • Italian Democratic Socialist Party — Secretary Mimmo Magistro President Angelo Scavone Founded 11 January 1947 …   Wikipedia

  • Italian comics — are comics made in Italy. They are locally know as Fumetto , although this latter term is often used in English to describe a specific comic genre (see Fumetti). The most popular Italian comics have been translated into many languages. The term… …   Wikipedia

  • Italian general election, 2006 — Infobox Election election name = Italian general election, 2006 country = Italy type = parliamentary ongoing = no previous election = Italian general election, 2001 previous year = 2001 next election = Italian general election, 2008 next year =… …   Wikipedia

  • Popular front — A popular front is a broad coalition of different political groupings, often made up of leftists and centrists who are united by opposition to another group (most often fascist or far right groups). Being very broad, they can sometimes include… …   Wikipedia

  • Italian Social Movement–National Right — Infobox Italian former political party name english = Italian Social Movement–National Right foundation = 1946 dissolution = 1995 newspaper = Il Secolo d Italia leaders = Giorgio Almirante, Augusto De Marsanich, Arturo Michelini, Gianfranco Fini… …   Wikipedia

Фильмы