Albigenses

Albigenses
Albigensian /al'bi jen"see euhn, -sheuhn/, adj., n.Albigensianism, n.
/al'bi jen"seez/, n.pl.
members of a Catharistic sect in the south of France that arose in the 11th century and was exterminated in the 13th century by a crusade (Albigensian Crusade) and the Inquisition.
[ < ML Albigenses, pl. of ALBIGENSIS, equiv. to Albig(a) ALBI + -ensis -ENSIS]

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▪ French religious movement
also called  Albigensians, 

      the heretics—especially the Catharist (Cathari) heretics—of 12th–13th-century southern France. (See Cathari.) The name, apparently given to them at the end of the 12th century, is hardly exact, for the movement centred at Toulouse and in nearby districts rather than at Albi (ancient Albiga). The heresy, which had penetrated into these regions probably by trade routes, came originally from eastern Europe.

      It is exceedingly difficult to form any very precise idea of the Albigensian doctrines because present knowledge of them is derived from their opponents and from the very rare and uninformative Albigensian texts which have come down to us. What is certain is that, above all, they formed an antisacerdotal party in permanent opposition to the Roman church and raised a continued protest against the corruption of the clergy of their time. The Albigensian theologians and ascetics, known in the south of France as bons hommes or bons chrétiens, were always few in number.

      The first Catharist heretics appeared in Limousin between 1012 and 1020. Protected by William IX, duke of Aquitaine, and soon by a great part of the southern nobility, the movement gained ground in the south, and in 1119 the Council of Toulouse in vain ordered the secular powers to assist the ecclesiastical authority in quelling the heresy. The people were attached to the bons hommes, whose asceticism and antisacerdotal preaching impressed the masses, and the movement maintained vigorous activity for another 100 years, until Innocent III ascended the papal throne. At first he tried pacific conversion but at last (1209) ordered the Cistercians (Cistercian) to preach the crusade against the Albigenses. This implacable war, the Albigensian Crusade, which threw the whole of the nobility of the north of France against that of the south and destroyed the brilliant Provençal civilization, ended, politically, in the Treaty of Paris (1229), which destroyed the independence of the princes of the south but did not extinguish the heresy, in spite of the wholesale massacres of heretics during the war. The inquisition, however, operating unremittingly in the south at Toulouse, Albi, and other towns during the 13th and 14th centuries, succeeded in crushing it.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Albigenses — • A neo Manichæan sect that flourished in southern France in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Albigenses     Albigenses      …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • ALBIGENSES — ALBIGENSES, generic name, deriving from the city of Albi, loosely applied to a number of Christian heretical sects which developed in Provence and south France in the 12th century, the term being used especially in connection with Cathari.… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Albigenses — Al bi*gen ses, ||Albigeois Al bi geois , n. pl. [From Albi and Albigeois, a town and its district in the south of France, in which the sect abounded.] (Eccl. Hist.) A sect of reformers opposed to the church of Rome in the 12th centuries. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • ALBIGENSES — ab Albiga seu Albigio, de quo supra, dicti, alias Catari, Publicani, Patarini, Gazari, ob varias rationes: Pasagieri, ab exilio; aliisque nominibus a doctoribus suis appellati, contra immensam Pontificum in rebus fidei auctoritatem, quam sibi… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Albigenses — s. m. pl. Seita religiosa que, desde o século XI, se propagou no Sul da França, nos arredores de Albi, e contra a qual o papa Inocêncio III ordenou uma cruzada (1209) …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • Albigenses — [al΄bə jen′sēz΄] pl.n. [ML, after Albi, town in S France] a religious sect that flourished in the south of France c.A.D. 1020 1250 and was finally suppressed for heresy Albigensian [al΄bə jen′sē ən] adj., n …   English World dictionary

  • Albigenses — Al•bi•gen•ses [[t]ˌæl bɪˈdʒɛn siz[/t]] n. pl. rel members of an ascetic Christian sect that arose in Albi in the 11th century and was destroyed in the 13th century • Etymology: < ML Albīgēnsēs, pl. of Albīgēnsis=Albīg(a) Albi+ L ēnsis ensis Al …   From formal English to slang

  • Albigenses — noun plural Etymology: Medieval Latin, plural of Albigensis, literally, inhabitant of Albi, from Albiga (Albi), France Date: 1580 members of a Catharistic sect of southern France flourishing primarily in the 12th and 13th centuries • Albigensian… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Albigenses — noun The inhabitants of Albi, a city in southern France …   Wiktionary

  • Albigenses —  , Albigensians  Religious sect during eleventh to thirteenth centuries, also known as Cathars …   Bryson’s dictionary for writers and editors

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