Zamenhof, L.L.

Zamenhof, L.L.

▪ Polish linguist
in full  Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof , pseudonym  Doktoro Esperanto (Esperanto: “Doctor Hopeful”) 
born Dec. 15, 1859, Białystok, Pol., Russian Empire [now in Poland]
died April 14, 1917, Warsaw

      Polish physician and oculist who created the most important of the international artificial languages— Esperanto.

      A Jew whose family spoke Russian and lived in an environment of racial and national conflict on the Polish-Russian borderland, Zamenhof dedicated himself to promoting tolerance, mainly through the development of an international language. After years of experiment in devising such a tongue, working under the pseudonym of Doktoro Esperanto, he published an expository textbook, Lingvo Internacia (1887; Dr. Esperanto's International Language). His pseudonym, Esperanto (“[one] who hopes”), was to become the language's name.

      In addition to continuing his medical career, Zamenhof worked to develop Esperanto and organize its adherents. The first Esperanto magazine appeared in 1889, the beginnings of formal organization in 1893. With some literary and linguistic skill, Zamenhof developed and tested his new language by translating a large number of works, including the Old Testament, Hamlet, Hans Christian Andersen's Fairy Tales, and plays of Molière, Goethe, and Nikolay Gogol. At the first international Esperanto congress at Boulogne, France (1905), and at successive annual congresses in various European cities, Zamenhof delivered a number of memorable addresses, but he renounced formal leadership of the Esperanto movement at Kraków, Pol., in 1912. His Fundamento de Esperanto (1905; 17th ed., 1979; “Basis of Esperanto”) established the principles of Esperanto structure and formation.

Additional Reading
Marjorie Boulton, Zamenhof, Creator of Esperanto (1960, reprinted 1980).

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Zamenhof — puede referirse a: Familia Zamenhof Ludwig Lazarus Zamenhof (1859 1917), creador del idioma esperanto. Día de Zamenhof Lidia Zamenhof Esta página de desambiguación cataloga artículos relacionados con el mismo título. Si llegaste aquí a través de …   Wikipedia Español

  • Zamenhof — (izg. zámenhof), Ludwik Lejzer (Lazar) (1859 1917) DEFINICIJA poljsko židovski liječnik; knjigom Lingvo internacia (Međunarodni jezik, 1887) stvorio sasvim novi jezik, esperanto, kojem je namijenio ulogu bolje komunikacije među ljudima cijeloga… …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Zamenhof — Zamenhof, Lazarus …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Zamenhof — (Lejzer Ludwik) (1859 1917) médecin et linguiste polonais; créateur (en 1887) de l espéranto …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Zamenhof —   [ zamɛȖxɔf], Ludwig Lazarus, polnischer Augenarzt, * Białystok 15. 12. 1859, ✝ Warschau 14. 4. 1917; erfand und entwickelte das Esperanto.   Ausgaben: Originala verkaro, herausgegeben von J. Dietterle (1929); Leteroj, herausgegeben von G.… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Zamenhof — Der Name Zamenhof bezeichnet: den aus Russisch Polen stammenden Arzt und Begründer der Plansprache Esperanto Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof. den nach ihm benannten Hauptgürtelasteroiden, siehe (1462) Zamenhof. Vivo de Zamenhof, eine von Edmond Privat… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Zamenhof — n. family name; Lazzaro Zamenhof (1859 1917, father of the international language Esperanto) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • ZAMENHOF, LUDWIK LAZAR — (1859–1917), Polish philologist and creator of Esperanto. Born in Bialystok, Zamenhof studied medicine and specialized in ophthalmology. He acquired his interest in philology from his father, who was a language teacher. For several years Zamenhof …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

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