Pike, Kenneth L.

Pike, Kenneth L.

▪ American linguist
in full  Kenneth Lee Pike 
born June 9, 1912, Woodstock, Connecticut, U.S.
died December 31, 2000, Dallas, Texas

      American linguist and anthropologist known for his studies of the aboriginal languages of Mexico, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, New Guinea, Java, Ghana, Nigeria, Australia, Nepal, and the Philippines. He was also the originator of tagmemics.

      Pike studied theology at Gordon College (B.A., 1933) and in 1935 joined an organization dedicated to linguistic study of little-known, unwritten languages, as an ancillary to Bible translation; the group later evolved into the Summer Institute of Linguistics, and Pike served as its first president (1942–79). In the mid-1930s Pike journeyed to Mexico to study the Mixtec language, and the experience helped launch his career in linguistics. In 1942 he received a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, where he later taught (1948–77) and served (1975–77) as chairman of the school's linguistics department.

      Tagmemics is an outgrowth of Bloomfieldian immediate constituent analysis and of Pike's own general theory of human behaviour, described in his Language in Relation to a Unified Theory of the Structure of Human Behavior, 3 vol. (1954–60; 2nd ed. 1967). The tagmeme is a unit comprising a function (for example, a subject) and a class of items fulfilling that function (e.g., nouns). It is most suitable in describing languages (such as the Central and South American languages to which it has mostly been applied) in which a number of different classes can fulfill the same function or in which the same class can fulfill many functions. Tagmemics is also known as string constituent analysis and differs, in part, from Bloomfieldian linguistics in that semantic as well as syntactic function is used in identifying tagmemes. Pike later applied tagmemics to matrix of field theory and English rhetoric.

      In addition to his work in tagmemics, Pike has done research in phonology and is the author of Intonation of American English (1945); co-editor of Tone Systems of Tibeto-Burman Languages of Nepal, Parts I–IV (1970); and co-author of Grammatical Analysis (1977) and Songs of Fun and Faith (1977). Selections from his work were published in Selected Writings in 1972.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Pike, Kenneth L(ee) — (9 jun. 1912, Woodstock, Connecticut, EE.UU.). Lingüista y antropólogo estadounidense. A lo largo de su carrera, Pike ha estado vinculado con el Summer Institute of Linguistics [Instituto lingüístico de verano] (actualmente SIL International),… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Pike, Kenneth L(ee) — born June 9, 1912, Woodstock, Conn., U.S. died Dec. 31, 2000, Dallas, Tex. U.S. linguist and anthropologist. Pike was associated throughout his career with the Summer Institute of Linguistics (now SIL International), an organization dedicated to… …   Universalium

  • Pike, Kenneth L. — ► (1912 2000) Lingüista estadounidense. Su obra Fonética (1943) es uno de los primeros trabajos clásicos estadounidenses sobre fonética …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Pike — Pike, Kenneth L …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Kenneth Lee Pike — (* 9. Juni 1912; † 31. Dezember 2000) war ein amerikanischer Linguist und Anthropologe. Bekannt wurde er durch seine Theorie der Tagmemik und für die Begriffe emisch vs. etisch , die er geprägt hat. Von 1947 bis 1979 war er Präsident des SIL… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Kenneth Pike — Kenneth Lee Pike (* 9. Juni 1912; † 31. Dezember 2000) war ein amerikanischer Linguist und Anthropologe. Bekannt wurde er durch seine Theorie der Tagmemik und für die Begriffe emisch vs. etisch , die er geprägt hat. Von 1947 bis 1979 war er… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • pike — pike1 pikelike, adj. /puyk/, n., pl. (esp. collectively) pike, (esp. referring to two or more kinds or species) pikes. 1. any of several large, slender, voracious freshwater fishes of the genus Esox, having a long, flat snout: the blue pike of… …   Universalium

  • Kenneth — /ken ith/, n. a male given name: from an Irish word meaning handsome. * * * (as used in expressions) Arrow Kenneth Joseph Burns Kenneth Lauren Clark of Saltwood Kenneth Mackenzie Clark Baron Galbraith John Kenneth Grahame Kenneth Hines Earl… …   Universalium

  • Pike — /puyk/, n. 1. James Albert, 1913 69, U.S. Protestant Episcopal clergyman, lawyer, and author. 2. Zebulon Montgomery /zeb yoo leuhn/, 1779 1813, U.S. general and explorer. * * * I Ancient and medieval infantry weapon consisting of a long, metal… …   Universalium

  • Kenneth — (as used in expressions) Arrow, Kenneth J(oseph) Burns, Ken(neth Lauren) Clark, Kenneth (Mackenzie), barón Galbraith, John Kenneth Grahame, Kenneth George Kenneth Griffey, Jr. Hines, Earl (Kenneth) Reginald Kenneth Dwight Kaunda, Kenneth (David)… …   Enciclopedia Universal

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