maceral

maceral

       Petrologic components in coal and their groupings Petrologic components in coal and their groupingsany of the numerous microscopically recognizable, individual organic constituents of coal with characteristic physical and chemical properties. Macerals are analogous to minerals in inorganic rocks, but they lack a definite crystalline structure. Macerals are coalified plant remains preserved in coal and other rocks. They change progressively, both chemically and physically, as the rank of coal increases. (Coal rank is a measure of a coal's degree of metamorphism expressed as its position in the lignite-to- anthracite series and is primarily based on decreasing volatile matter content and increasing carbon content.)

      Macerals are classified into three major groups: vitrinite, inertinite, and liptinite (formerly called exinite). Vitrinite is derived from cell walls and woody plant tissue and includes the macerals telinite and collinite. Most coals contain a high percentage (50 to 90 percent) of vitrinites. Inertinites, a group thought to have formed from plant material transformed by severe degradation during the peat stage of coalification, include fusinite, semi-fusinite, micrinite, macrinite, and sclerotinite. Inertinites are rich in carbon. Most coals contain 5 to 40 percent inertinites. The liptinite macerals, which are characterized by a high hydrogen content and derived from the cuticles and resinous parts of plants, include sporinite, cutinite, resinite, and alginite. Most coals contain 5 to 15 percent liptinites.

Otto C. Kopp
 

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Maceral — A maceral is a component of coal or oil shale. The term maceral in reference to coal is analogous to the use of the term mineral in reference to igneous or metamorphic rocks. Examples of macerals are inertinite, vitrinite and liptinite.… …   Wikipedia

  • Maceral — So, wie Minerale die Grundbestandteile von kristallinen Gesteinen darstellen, so sind Mazerale, oder Macerale, die organischen gesteinsbildenden Komponenten der Kohlen und Kerogene. Sie bestehen größtenteils aus Pflanzenresten, die unter dem… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • maceral — n an organic substance in coal that is distinguished and classified on the basis of its optical microscopic properties. DISCUSSION Macerals originate from plant tissues, secretions, and exudates that have been altered by geological processes and… …   Coke&Coal Terminology

  • maceral — mac·er·al …   English syllables

  • maceral — |masə|ral noun ( s) Etymology: probably from Latin macer soft, weak + English al : a fragment of plant debris in coal …   Useful english dictionary

  • coal — coalless, adj. /kohl/, n. 1. a black or dark brown combustible mineral substance consisting of carbonized vegetable matter, used as a fuel. Cf. anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite. 2. a piece of glowing, charred, or burned wood or other… …   Universalium

  • coal utilization — Introduction        combustion of coal or its conversion into useful solid, gaseous, and liquid products. By far the most important use of coal is in combustion, mainly to provide heat to the boilers of electric power plants. Metallurgical coke… …   Universalium

  • vitrinite — n the predominant maceral in most coals of intermediate reflectance occurring as substantial volumes of more or less uniformly reflecting material or as a matrix enclosing particles of other macerals and mineral matter or as particles or bands… …   Coke&Coal Terminology

  • Bituminous coal — is a relatively soft coal containing a tarlike substance called bitumen. It is of higher quality than lignite coal but poorer quality than anthracite coal. Bituminous coal is an organic sedimentary rock formed by diagenetic and submetamorphic… …   Wikipedia

  • ГОСТ 17070-87: Угли. Термины и определения — Терминология ГОСТ 17070 87: Угли. Термины и определения оригинал документа: 44. Аналитическая проба угля D. Analysenprobe Е. Analysis sample F. Echantillon pour analyse Проба угля, полученная в результате обработки объединенной или лабораторной… …   Словарь-справочник терминов нормативно-технической документации

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”