Janet, Pierre

Janet, Pierre

▪ French neurologist and psychologist
in full  Pierre-Marie-Félix Janet 
born May 30, 1859, Paris, France
died February 24, 1947, Paris

      French psychologist and neurologist influential in bringing about in France and the United States a connection between academic psychology and the clinical treatment of mental illnesses. He stressed psychological factors in hypnosis and contributed to the modern concept of mental and emotional disorders involving anxiety, phobias, and other abnormal behaviour.

      Janet's report (1882) of an unusual case of hypnosis and clairvoyance gained him the attention of neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (Charcot, Jean-Martin). As a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Paris, Janet studied automatic acts, and in his thesis (1889), which went into many editions, he introduced but did not amplify the concept of the unconscious. This work engendered a later dispute with Sigmund Freud (Freud, Sigmund) over priority. At Charcot's invitation, Janet became director of the psychological laboratory at the largest Paris mental institution, the Salpêtrière Hospital (1889). There he completed his work for his M.D., which he received for the thesis L'État mental des hystériques (1892; The Mental State of Hystericals, 1901), in which he attempted to classify forms of hysteria. Charcot, in his introduction to the thesis, concurred with Janet's plea to unite the efforts of clinical and academic psychology.

      Elected to a chair in psychology at the Sorbonne (1898), Janet succeeded to Théodule-Armand Ribot (Ribot, Théodule-Armand)'s chair in the Collège de France (1902–36). He was also a practicing physician specializing in nervous and mental disorders. He wrote and lectured on a wide range of subjects, including impairment of the ability to act independently, hysteria, obsession, amnesia, and personality.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Janet, Pierre-Marie-Felix —    (1859–1947)    Known for the introduction in France of medical psychotherapy and for coining the term psychasthenia, Janet was born in Paris but grew up in the provinces, the son of a legal editor and nephew of a wellknown professor of… …   Historical dictionary of Psychiatry

  • Janet, Pierre — ► (1859 1947) Médico, psicólogo y filósofo francés. Fue uno de los primeros autores que pusieron de relieve el dinamismo y la unidad del psiquismo. Obras principales: El automatismo psicológico (1889) y De la angustia al éxtasis (1926) …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Pierre Janet — Biographie Naissance 30 mai 1859 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pierre-Marie-Félix Janet — Pierre Janet, eigentlich Pierre Marie Félix Janet, (* 30. Mai 1859 in Paris; † 24. Februar 1947 in Paris) war französischer Philosoph, Psychiater und Psychotherapeut des 19. Jahrhunderts. Er ist der Begründer der modernen dynamischen Psychiatrie …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pierre Janet — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Pierre Marie Félix Janet, conocido simplemente como Pierre Janet, (París, 30 de mayo de 1859 – París, 24 de febrero de 1947) fue un psicólogo y neurólogo francés que hizo importantes contribuciones al estudio moderno …   Wikipedia Español

  • Pierre Janet — Pierre Janet, eigentlich Pierre Marie Félix Janet, (* 30. Mai 1859 in Paris; † 24. Februar 1947 in Paris) war französischer Philosoph, Psychiater und Psychotherapeut des 19. Jahrhunderts. Er ist der Begründer der modernen dynamischen Psychiatrie …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • JANET (P.) — JANET PIERRE (1859 1947) Philosophe et psychiatre français. Neveu du philosophe Paul Janet qui l’orienta vers la philosophie, Pierre Janet entra à l’École normale supérieure et fut reçu à l’agrégation en 1882. Professeur aux lycées de Châteauroux …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Janet — Janet, Paul Janet, Pierre …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Janet — (Pierre) (1859 1947) neurologue français; initiateur de la psychologie expérimentale …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Pierre Zimmermann — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Zimmermann. Pierre Zimmerman, vers 1815, par Antoine Jean Gros …   Wikipédia en Français

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