degenerate gas

degenerate gas

      in physics, a particular configuration, usually reached at high densities, of a gas composed of subatomic particles with half-integral intrinsic angular momentum (spin). Such particles are called fermions (fermion), because their microscopic behaviour is regulated by a set of quantum mechanical rules— Fermi-Dirac statistics (q.v.). These rules state, in particular, that there can be only one fermion occupying each quantum-mechanical state of a system. As particle density is increased, the additional fermions are forced to occupy states of higher and higher energy, because the lower-energy states have all been progressively filled. This process of gradually filling in the higher-energy states increases the pressure of the fermion gas, termed degeneracy pressure. A fermion gas in which all the energy states below a critical value (designated Fermi energy) are filled is called a fully degenerate, or zero-temperature, fermion gas. Such particles as electrons, protons, neutrons, and neutrinos are all fermions and obey Fermi-Dirac statistics. The electron gas in ordinary metals and in the interior of white dwarf stars constitute two examples of a degenerate electron gas.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • degenerate gas — degenerate gas, a gas in which the electronic particles and nuclei are densely distributed, and thus can liberate energy, as in white dwarf stars …   Useful english dictionary

  • degenerate gas — išsigimusios dujos statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. degenerate gas vok. degeneriertes Gas, n; entartetes Gas, n rus. вырожденный газ, m pranc. gaz dégénéré, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • non-degenerate gas — neišsigimusios dujos statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. non degenerate gas vok. nichtentartetes Gas, n; undegeneriertes Gas, n rus. невырожденный газ, m pranc. gaz non dégénéré, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

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  • degenerate — verb (i) /dəˈdʒɛnəreɪt / (say duh jenuhrayt) (degenerated, degenerating) 1. to decline in physical, mental, or moral qualities; deteriorate. 2. Biology to revert to a less highly organised or simpler type. –adjective /dəˈdʒɛnərət / (say duh… …  

  • degeneriertes Gas — išsigimusios dujos statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. degenerate gas vok. degeneriertes Gas, n; entartetes Gas, n rus. вырожденный газ, m pranc. gaz dégénéré, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • entartetes Gas — išsigimusios dujos statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. degenerate gas vok. degeneriertes Gas, n; entartetes Gas, n rus. вырожденный газ, m pranc. gaz dégénéré, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • nichtentartetes Gas — neišsigimusios dujos statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. non degenerate gas vok. nichtentartetes Gas, n; undegeneriertes Gas, n rus. невырожденный газ, m pranc. gaz non dégénéré, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

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