torque

torque
/tawrk/, n., v., torqued, torquing.
n.
1. Mech. something that produces or tends to produce torsion or rotation; the moment of a force or system of forces tending to cause rotation.
2. Mach. the measured ability of a rotating element, as of a gear or shaft, to overcome turning resistance.
3. Optics. the rotational effect on plane-polarized light passing through certain liquids or crystals.
4. Also, torc. a collar, necklace, or similar ornament consisting of a twisted narrow band, usually of precious metal, worn esp. by the ancient Gauls and Britons.
v.t.
5. Mach. to apply torque to (a nut, bolt, etc.).
6. to cause to rotate or twist.
v.i.
7. to rotate or twist.
[1825-35; < L torquere to twist; (def. 4) < F torque < L torques TORQUES (torc perh. < Ir L)]

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In physics, the tendency of a force to rotate the body to which it is applied.

Torque is always specified with regard to the axis of rotation. It is equal to the magnitude of the component of the force lying in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, multiplied by the shortest distance between the axis and the direction of the force component. Torque is the force that affects rotational motion; the greater the torque, the greater the change in this motion.

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      in jewelry, metal collar, neck ring, or armband consisting of a bar or ribbon of twisted metal curved into a loop, the ends of which are fashioned into knobs ornamented with motifs such as volutes or depicting animal heads, or drawn out and bent abruptly so as to hook into one another. The torque is a unique neck ornament in that it is not flexible and was often of great size and weight.

      Achaemenidian jewelry made in Persia from the 6th to the 4th century BC contains examples of torques, the terminals of which are made in the form of lions, ibex, rams' heads, or purely fantastic animals. The torque was a characteristic male neck ornament of such peoples as the ancient Teutons, Gauls, and Britons. The Romans, when they invaded Britain, were so intrigued with the torques that they awarded them to their soldiers for brave acts.

also called  Moment Of A Force,  
 in physics, the tendency of a force to rotate the body to which it is applied. The torque, specified with regard to the axis of rotation, is equal to the magnitude of the component of the force vector lying in the plane perpendicular to the axis, multiplied by the shortest distance between the axis and the direction of the force component. Regardless of its orientation in space, the force vector can always be located in a plane parallel to the axis. In the Figure—>, the force vector F lies in the plane parallel to the line OL; the component FL, being parallel to OL, has no moment about OL, while the component FP, lying in the plane perpendicular to OL, has a moment, or torque, about OL equal to FP × d, in which d, the shortest distance between FP and OL, is the moment arm or lever arm.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • torque — [ tɔrk ] n. m. et f. • XIIIe ; lat. torques → torche 1 ♦ N. m. Archéol. Collier métallique rigide des Gaulois, puis des soldats romains. 2 ♦ N. f. (1419) Techn. Rouleau de fil de fer. ♢ (1690) Blas. Bourrelet d étoffe tortillée figurant le cimier …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Torque — Torque, n. [L. torques a twisted neck chain, fr. torquere to twist.] 1. A collar or neck chain, usually twisted, especially as worn by ancient barbaric nations, as the Gauls, Germans, and Britons. [1913 Webster] 2. [L. torquere to twist.] (Mech.) …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • torque — 1. (tor k ) s. f. 1°   Terme de blason. Bourrelet d étoffe tortillée, des deux principaux émaux de l écu, lequel se place quelquefois pour cimier sur le heaume qui couronne les armoiries. 2°   Botte de fil de laiton pliée en cercle. ÉTYMOLOGIE… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • torque — ► NOUN Mechanics ▪ a force that tends to cause rotation. ► VERB ▪ apply torque to. DERIVATIVES torquey adjective. ORIGIN from Latin torquere to twist …   English terms dictionary

  • torque — [tôrk] n. [< L torques (infl. in senses 2 & 3 by torquere): see TORQUES] 1. a twisted metal collar or necklace worn by ancient Teutons, Gauls, Britons, etc. 2. Physics a measure of the tendency of a force to cause rotation, equal to the force… …   English World dictionary

  • torque — [to:k US to:rk] n [U] [Date: 1800 1900; : Latin; Origin: torquere to twist ] technical the force or power that makes something turn around a central point, especially in an engine …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • torque — [ tɔrk ] noun uncount TECHNICAL the force that causes something to turn around a central point …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • Torque — Le nom est porté dans le Nord Pas de Calais, mais on le rencontre aussi dans le domaine occitan (87, 07), où il faut sans doute le rattacher au verbe torcar (= frotter, nettoyer). Pour le nord de la France, on peut faire le même rapprochement,… …   Noms de famille

  • torque — (n.) rotating force, 1884, from L. torquere to twist (see THWART (Cf. thwart)). The verb is attested from 1954. The word also is used (since 1834) by antiquarians and others as a term for the twisted metal necklace worn anciently by Gauls,… …   Etymology dictionary

  • torque — s. m. 1. Bracelete ou colar, geralmente de ouro, usado por povos antigos. 2.  [Física] Tendência de uma força para rodar um objeto em torno de um eixo.   ‣ Etimologia: latim torques ou torquis, is, colar …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • Torque — For other uses, see Torque (disambiguation). Classical mechanics Newton s Second Law …   Wikipedia

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