Cluj-Napoca

Cluj-Napoca
/kloozh"nah paw"kah/, n.
a city in NW Rumania. 274,095. German, Klausenberg. Hungarian, Kolozsvár. Formerly, Cluj /kloozh/.

* * *

German Klausenburg Hungarian Kolozsvár

City (pop., 2002: 703,269), northwestern Romania.

Located in the Someşul Mic River valley on the site of an ancient town, Cluj was settled by Germans in the 12th century, became a thriving commercial and cultural centre, and in 1405 was declared a free town. It became the capital of Transylvania in the 16th century. In 1920 Transylvania was incorporated into Romania. In the mid-1970s the city was joined with neighboring Napoca. It is home to a university; its institute of speleology was the first in the world.

* * *

 city, capital of Cluj județ (county), northwestern Romania. The historic capital of Transylvania, it is approximately 200 mi (320 km) northwest of Bucharest in the Someșul Mic River valley. The city stands on the site of an ancient Dacian settlement, Napoca, which the Romans made a municipium.

      In the Middle Ages the name of the city was Culus, as attested in documents of 1173, but by the beginning of the 15th century it was known as Cluj (probably from Castrum Clus, a small fortification dating from 1213). The city has also been known by its German name, Klausenburg, and its Hungarian name, Kolozsvár. It became a thriving commercial and cultural centre, and in 1405 it was declared a free town. After the constitution of the autonomous principality of Transylvania in the 16th century, Cluj became its capital. In 1920 the city, with the rest of Transylvania, was incorporated into Romania. Napoca was added to the city's name in 1974.

      Among the historic monuments are the house in which Matthias I Corvinus (king of Hungary, 1458–90) was born; the Roman Catholic cathedral of St. Michael (1321–1444), one of the largest Gothic churches in Romania; and the Bánffy Palace (1773–85), now a fine arts museum. The city is the location of the Babeș-Bolyai University, several technical and professional institutes, the Ion Andreescu Institute of Fine Arts, the Gheorghe Dima Conservatory, and a branch of the Academy of Romania. The institute of speleology was the first of its kind in the world. The botanical gardens are considered to be the richest in Romania.

      Industrial progress has been substantial since the union with Romania. Cluj-Napoca's products include refrigerating equipment for industrial and domestic use, footwear and leather products, china, cigarettes, and foodstuffs. Pop. (2007 est.) 310,243.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Cluj-Napoca — Cluj redirects here. For other uses, see Cluj (disambiguation). Coordinates: 46°46′N 23°35′E / 46.767°N 23.583°E / 46.767; 23.583 …   Wikipedia

  • Cluj Napoca — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Claudiopolis …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Cluj-Napoca — Klausenburg Kolozsvár …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Cluj Napoca — Klausenburg Kolozsvár …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Cluj-Napoca — Escudo …   Wikipedia Español

  • Cluj-Napoca — (Kolozsvár en húngaro, Clausenburg en alemán, Claudiopolis en latín) es una de las ciudades con mayor población e importancia de Rumania. Capital histórica de la región de Transilvania (Erdely en húngaro). * * * alemán Klausenburg húngaro… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Cluj-Napoca — ville de Roumanie (Transylvanie); 321 800 hab.; ch. l. du distr. de Cluj. Industr. métall., méca., chim., alim. Université. Nombreux monuments: égl. goth. St Michel (XIVe XVe s.), palais Banffy (musée). Fondée par les Daces, puis romaine (IIe… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Cluj-Napoca —   [ kluʒna poka], Stadt in Rumänien, Klausenburg …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Cluj-Napoca — [klo͞ozh′nə pō′kə] city in Transylvania, NW Romania: pop. 322,000 …   English World dictionary

  • Cluj-Napoca — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Claudiopolis. Cluj Napoca Diverses vues de la ville …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”