bremsstrahlung

bremsstrahlung
/brem"shtrah'leuhng/, n. Physics.
radiation emitted by a charged particle when accelerating, as x-rays emitted by an electron that is scattered by a nucleus.
[1940-45; < G, equiv. to Brems(e) brake + Strahlung radiation]

* * *

(German; "braking radiation")

Electromagnetic radiation produced by a sudden slowing down or deflection of charged particles, especially electrons, passing through matter in the vicinity of the strong electric fields of atomic nuclei.

It occurs as cosmic rays pass through the Earth's atmosphere and accounts for continuous X-ray spectra.

* * *

      (German: “braking radiation”), electromagnetic radiation produced by a sudden slowing down or deflection of charged particles (especially electrons) passing through matter in the vicinity of the strong electric fields of atomic nuclei. Bremsstrahlung, for example, accounts for continuous X-ray spectra—i.e., that component of X rays the energy of which covers a whole range from a maximum value downward through lower values. In generating bremsstrahlung, some electrons beamed at a metal target in an X-ray tube are brought to rest by one head-on collision with a nucleus and thereby have all their energy of motion converted at once into radiation of maximum energy. Other electrons from the same incident beam come to rest after being deflected many times by the positively charged nuclei. Each deflection gives rise to a pulse of electromagnetic energy, or photon, of less than maximum energy.

      Bremsstrahlung is one of the processes by which cosmic rays dissipate some of their energy in the Earth's atmosphere. Solar X rays have been attributed to bremsstrahlung generated by fast electrons passing through the matter in the part of the Sun's atmosphere called the chromosphere.

      Internal bremsstrahlung arises in the radioactive disintegration process of beta decay, which consists of the production and emission of electrons (or positrons, positive electrons) by unstable atomic nuclei or the capture by nuclei of one of their own orbiting electrons. These electrons, deflected in the vicinity of their own associated nuclei, emit internal bremsstrahlung.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Bremsstrahlung — produced by a high energy electron deflected in the electric field of an atomic nucleus Bremsstrahlung (German pronunciation: [ˈbʁɛmsˌʃtʁaːlʊŋ] ( …   Wikipedia

  • Bremsstrahlung — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Bremsstrahlung (del alemán bremsen frenar y Strahlung radiación , o sea, radiación de frenado ) es una radiación electromagnética producida por la deceleración de una partícula cargada, como por ejemplo un electrón,… …   Wikipedia Español

  • bremsstrahlung — ● bremsstrahlung nom féminin (mot allemand, de Bremsen, freinage, et Strahlung, rayonnement) Synonyme de rayonnement de freinage. ● bremsstrahlung (synonymes) nom féminin (mot allemand, de Bremsen, freinage, et Strahlung, rayonnement) Synonymes …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • bremsstrahlung — [brem′shträ΄looŋ] n. [Ger, lit., braked radiation < bremse, a brake + strahlung, radiation] the electromagnetic radiation given off by a high energy particle, as an electron, when suddenly accelerated or retarded by an electric field or by… …   English World dictionary

  • Bremsstrahlung — Erzeugung von Röntgenbremsstrahlung durch Abbremsung eines schnellen Elektrons in dem Coulombfeld eines Atomkerns (schematische Darstellung) Bremsstrahlung ist die elektromagnetische Strahlung, die entsteht, wenn ein geladenes Teilchen, zum… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bremsstrahlung — Brẹms|strah|lung 〈f. 20; Phys.〉 die beim Auftreffen geladener Elementarteilchen auf Materie entstehende elektromagnetische Strahlung, z. B. Röntgen , Gammastrahlung; Ggs Eigenstrahlung * * * Brẹms|strah|lung: beim Beschleunigen oder (häufiger)… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Bremsstrahlung — Rayonnement continu de freinage Le rayonnement continu de freinage ou Bremsstrahlung (aussi appelé free free emission en anglais) est un rayonnement électromagnétique à spectre large créé par le ralentissement de charges électriques. On parle… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bremsstrahlung — stabdomasis rentgeno spinduliavimas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. braking X radiation; bremsstrahlung vok. Bremsröntgenstrahlung, f; Bremsstrahlung, f; Röntgenbremsstrahlung, f rus. рентгеновское тормозное излучение, n; тормозное… …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • bremsstrahlung — stabdomasis rentgeno spinduliavimas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. braking X radiation; bremsstrahlung vok. Bremsröntgenstrahlung, f; Bremsstrahlung, f; Röntgenbremsstrahlung, f rus. рентгеновское тормозное излучение, n; тормозное… …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • bremsstrahlung — /ˈbrɛmstralʊŋ/ (say bremstrahloong) noun 1. X ray radiation produced from the rapid deceleration of electrons as they enter a heavy metal target. 2. any radiation produced by change in electron velocity. Also, bremsstrahlung radiation. {German:… …  

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”