Brasov

Brasov
/brddah shawv"/, n.
a city in central Rumania. 299,172. Formerly, Stalin. Hungarian, Brassó. German, Kronstadt.

* * *

or Brashov German Kronstadt

City (pop., 2002: 588,366), Romania.

It lies in the foothills of the Transylvanian Alps north of Bucharest. Founded by Teutonic Knights in 1211, it became the centre of a Saxon colony trading in cloth and metalwork throughout much of Walachia and Moldavia. The substantial autonomy of its German inhabitants ended in 1876 with the abolition of their separate national status. Brasov is today a centre for heavy manufacturing.

* * *

formerly  (1950–60) Oraşul Stalin,  German  Kronstadt,  Hungarian  Brassó 
 city, capital of Braşov judeţ (county), central Romania. One of the largest cities of the country, it is on the northern slope of the Transylvanian Alps (Southern Carpathians), surrounded on three sides by mountains, 105 miles (170 km) north-northwest of Bucharest by road.

      Founded by Teutonic Knights in 1211 and first mentioned in documents as Braşov in 1251, it became the centre of a Saxon colony trading in cloth, weapons, metalwork, and wax throughout much of Walachia and Moldavia. The substantial autonomy of its German inhabitants was ended in 1876 with the abolition of their separate national status. The old (inner) town, heavily fortified in the 15th century against the Turks, survived with little damage and contains many historic buildings, including the town hall (1420, restored 1777); the 190-foot (58-metre) watchtower, also called Trumpeter's Tower (1528, restored 1910); the Orthodox St. Nicholas' Church (1392, restored 1751); and St. Bartholomew's Church (13th century, the oldest building in Braşov). The Gothic Protestant Church (1385–1477, restored 1711–15), is called the Black Church because of its smoke-blackened walls resulting from a 1689 fire. In Braşov are several theatres and museums and a university. “The Apostle of Transylvania,” Johannes Honterus (1498–1549), who led the Protestant Reformation in the area, lived and died in Braşov (then Kronstadt) and established the first printing press in Transylvania there in 1535. The first book printed in the Romanian language, by the deacon Coresi, was published in Braşov in the mid-16th century. Education in Romanian was introduced there in the first Romanian school in 1559.

      Toward the end of the 19th century the long tradition of merchants and craftsmen provided the foundation for industrial growth. In addition to factories manufacturing tractors, trucks, helicopters, and bearings, there are textile and chemical plants. Braşov is also an important road and rail junction. Pop. (2002) 283,901.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Brasov — Braşov  Roumanie Judeţ de Braşov Braşov Statut : Chef lieu …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Braşov —  Roumanie Judeţ de Braşov Braşov Statut : Chef lieu …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Brașov — Vue de Brașov …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Brasov — Braşov Kronstadt Brassó …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Brașov —   City   Brașov medieval city …   Wikipedia

  • Brașov — Kronstadt Brassó …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Braşov — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Braşov Judet de Rumania Capital …   Wikipedia Español

  • BRAŞOV — (Hung. Brassó; Ger. Kronstadt; between 1950 and 1960 Oraşul Stalin), city in Southern Transylvania, central Romania; until 1918 in Hungary. From 1492 onward Jews are mentioned living there temporarily or passing through Braşov in transit. For a… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • BRASOV — Comptant 324 000 habitants en 1992, la ville roumaine de Bra ずov n’en abritait que 83 000 au début de la période socialiste, ce qui montre quel profit elle a tiré d’une industrialisation s’appuyant sur un complexe géographique particulièrement… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Braşov — (Romanian), Brašov Брашов (Serbian, Macedonian), Brašov (Czech), Brašovas (Lithuanian), Brassó (Hungarian), Braszów (Polish), Corona (Latin), Kronstadt (German), Stephanoúpoli Στεφανούπολη (Greek) …   Names of cities in different languages

  • Brasov — (en húngaro: Brassó; en alemán: Kronstad) es una ciudad en Transilvania (actualmente, Rumania) en plenos Cárpatos Transilvanos. Destacable es la Iglesia Negra (Biserica Neagra). Construída en 1380, fue llamada Iglesia de Santa María. Es llamada… …   Enciclopedia Universal

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”