Bhumibol Adulyadej

Bhumibol Adulyadej
/pooh"mee pawn" ah doohn"yah det"/.
See Rama IX.

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or Phumiphon Adunlayadet or Rama IX

born Dec. 5, 1927, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.

Ninth king of the Chakri dynasty and Thailand's longest-ruling monarch.

A grandson of King Chulalongkorn, he succeeded to the throne in 1946 after the death of his older brother, King Ananda Mahidol (r. 1935–46). His role as head of state is largely ceremonial, but he moderates between extreme parties in Thai politics and serves as a focus of national unity.

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▪ 2007

      National celebrations were held in Thailand in June 2006 to mark the 60th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej's ascension to the throne. The celebrations, dubbed the Diamond Jubilee, lasted five days and culminated on June 12–13, when Bhumibol presided over a magnificent parade of royal barges along the Chao Phraya River and a state banquet held at the Grand Palace in Bangkok. The ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty, Bhumibol—who was also known as Rama IX—was Thailand's longest-reigning monarch. Although given few formal powers in the Thai government, the king was regarded as the moral leader and a living symbol of the nation. Among the Thai people he was particularly admired for funding a decades-long series of development projects aimed at improving the lives of Thailand's rural poor. UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan presented the UN's first Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award to Bhumibol at a ceremony in Bangkok just days before the Diamond Jubilee began.

      Bhumibol was born on Dec. 5, 1927, in Cambridge, Mass. At that time his father, Prince Mahidol of Songkhla, was a student at Harvard University. Bhumibol's grandfather was King Chulalongkorn of Siam. His older brother, Ananda Mahidol, became king in 1935, but on June 9, 1946, Ananda was found dead in his bed of a gunshot wound. Bhumibol immediately succeeded to the throne following Ananda's mysterious death (the circumstances of which were never explained). He married a distant cousin, Sirikit Kitiyakara, in April 1950 and was formally crowned the following month.

      As monarch, Bhumibol enjoyed immense popularity. He led an active ceremonial life and, despite his limited governmental powers, on several occasions played a crucial role in mediations that either resolved or headed off a political crisis. One of those instances came in 1992 after a military junta had toppled the Thai government and army chief Suchinda Kraprayoon assumed the prime ministership. Mass protests ensued but were violently suppressed. Intervening, Bhumibol summoned Suchinda and opposition leader Chamlong Srimuang to a televised meeting, during which the king called for the violence to end. Suchinda subsequently resigned, and a caretaker government was installed until new elections could be held.

      In 2006 Bhumibol faced a new crisis after opposition parties boycotted the April elections called by Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. The Constitutional Court invalidated the results of the elections, and on September 19, before new elections could take place, the Thai military overthrew the government while Thaksin was out of the country. It was widely assumed that Thaksin had fallen out of favour with the king, who was quick to endorse coup leader Gen. Sonthi Boonyaratglin. An interim prime minister, Gen. Surayud Chulanont, was named on October 1, and Bhumibol gave his royal endorsement to Surayad's cabinet.

Sherman Hollar

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▪ king of Thailand
also called  Phumiphon Adunlayadet , or  Rama IX 
born Dec. 5, 1927, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.
 
 ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty (1950– ), which has ruled or reigned in Thailand from 1782, Thailand's longest-serving monarch.

      He was a grandson of King Chulalongkorn and was born while his father, Prince Mahidol of Songkhla, was studying at Harvard University. His older brother, Ananda Mahidol, became king in 1935, but on June 9, 1946, Ananda was found dead in his bed of a gunshot wound. Bhumibol immediately succeeded to the throne following Ananda's mysterious death (the circumstances of which were never explained). He married a distant cousin, Sirikit Kitiyakara, in April 1950 and was formally crowned on May 5, 1950.

      The absolute monarchy was abolished in Thailand during the reign of King Prajadhipok as a result of the revolution of 1932. King Bhumibol, therefore, wielded little real political power, although the constitution named him as head of state and commander of the armed forces. His most important function was to serve as a living symbol of and a focus of unity for the Thai nation.

      As monarch, Bhumibol enjoyed immense popularity. He led an active ceremonial life and, despite his limited governmental powers, on several occasions played a crucial role in mediations that either resolved or helped to avoid political crisis. One of those instances came in 1992 after a military junta had toppled the Thai government and army chief Suchinda Kraprayoon assumed the prime ministership. Mass protests ensued but were violently suppressed. Bhumibol intervened, summoning Suchinda and opposition leader Chamlong Srimuang to a televised meeting, during which the king called for the violence to end. Suchinda subsequently resigned, and a caretaker government was installed until new elections could be held.

      National celebrations were held in Thailand in June 2006 to mark the 60th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej's ascension to the throne. Days before the Diamond Jubileee began, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan presented the UN's first Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award to Bhumibol at a ceremony in Bangkok.

      In September 2006 Bhumibol faced a new crisis after opposition parties boycotted elections called by the prime minister, Thaksin Shinawatra. The Constitutional Court invalidated the results, and on September 19, before new elections could be held, the Thai military engineered a coup while Thaksin was out of the country. It was widely assumed that Thaksin had fallen out of favour with Bhumibol, who quickly endorsed the coup leader and gave royal assent to an interim prime mininster's cabinet.

      Bhumibol's designated heir to the throne was his only son, Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Bhumibol Adulyadej — biographical name 1927 king of Thailand (1946 ) …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Bhumibol Adulyadej — Bhu•mi•bol A•dul•ya•dej [[t]ˈpu miˌpɔn ɑˈdun yɑˌdɛd[/t]] n. big Rama IX …   From formal English to slang

  • Bhumibol Adulyadej — /puˌmipɒn əduljəˈdɛt/ (say pooh.meepon uhdoohlyuh det) noun born 1927, became king of Thailand in 1946 …  

  • Bhumibol Adulyadej — /pooh mee pawn ah doohn yah det /. See Rama IX …   Useful english dictionary

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