Banat

Banat
/ban"it, bah"nit/, n.
a fertile low-lying region extending through Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia.
[ < Serbo-Croatian Bànat < ML Banatus (Temesiensis); see BAN3, -ATE3]

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▪ historical region, Europe
      ethnically mixed historic region of eastern Europe; it is bounded by Transylvania and Walachia in the east, by the Tisza River in the west, by the Mures River in the north, and by the Danube River in the south. After 1920 Banat was divided among the states of Romania, Yugoslavia, and Hungary. The name banat has its origin in a Persian word meaning lord, or master, and was introduced into Europe by the Avars; it came to mean a frontier province or a district under military governorship.

      First occupied in prehistoric times, the Banat was later controlled by the Romans, Goths, Gepidae, Huns, and Avars. The Slavs settled there in the 5th century AD, and after the Magyars displaced them (9th century), the area became an integral part of Hungary and was organized as the Banat of Severin (Terra de Zevrino) by King Andrew II in 1233. In the 14th and 15th centuries many Serbs settled there; in the mid 16th century it was conquered by the Ottoman Turks, who retained it until 1718, when Austria acquired it (Treaty of Passarowitz).

      Under Austrian military rule, the region was organized as the Temeser Banat (or Banat of Temesvár). Later a civil administration took control of the northern part of the area, and the Austrian rulers encouraged the settlement of colonists from the Rhineland, Lorraine, and Luxembourg. For most of the period from 1779 to 1920, the Banat was attached to Hungary. After World War I, the victorious Allies divided it by the Treaty of Trianon (Trianon, Treaty of) (June 4, 1920). Hungary retained the district of Szeged, Romania acquired the large eastern section, and the remainder (largely part of the province of Vojvodina in present-day Serbia) went to Yugoslavia.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • banat — banat …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • bănat — BĂNÁT, (3) bănaturi, s.n. (reg.) 1. Stare de durere sufletească, de jale, de tristeţe, de părere de rău. 2. Supărare, necaz, ciudă. ♢ expr. A nu i fi cuiva cu bănat= (ca formulă de politeţe) a nu lua în nume de rău rugămintea sau întrebarea cuiva …   Dicționar Român

  • BANAT — BANA Région située au sud est de la plaine hongroise, à proximité du défilé des Portes de Fer par où le Danube perce l’arc carpato balkanique. Sa vocation de passage et de carrefour utilisée dès l’époque romaine lui a valu bien des vicissitudes… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • BANAT — BANAT, region in the southwestern part of Romania which for many years was regarded as belonging administratively to Transylvania, though it also benefited from an independent administration in the framework of the medieval Transylvanian… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • banat — BANÁT, banate, s.n. Provincie sau ţinut administrat de un ban2. – Ban2 + suf. at. cf. lat. med. b a n a t u s. Trimis de paula, 13.09.2007. Sursa: DEX 98  banát (ţinut, dregătorie) s. n., pl. banáte …   Dicționar Român

  • Banat — Ban at, n. [Cf. F. & G. banat. See {Ban} a warden.] The territory governed by a ban. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Banat — Banat, ist jetzt die Serbische Wojewodschaft u. Temeser Banat …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Banat — Banāt, eine von einem Ban regierte Grenzprovinz, insbes. das sog. Temeser B., das, die Komitate Torontal, Temes und Krassó umfassend, 1849 mit der Woiwodina zu einem besondern österr. Kronland (»Serbische Woiwodina und Temeser Banat«) vereinigt… …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Banāt — (Bansag), 1) sonst der von einem Ban regierte Grenzbezirk, jetzt Name für 2) das Königreich Kroatien (s.d.) …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Banāt — (ungar. Bánság, s. Karte »Ungarn«) hieß in Ungarn jede Grenzprovinz, über die ein Bau (s. d.) herrschte. Nach den Türkenkriegen bestand nur noch ein B., das Temesvárer, das diese Benennung nach dem Passarowitzer Frieden erhielt, ohne je einen Bau …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Banat — Banat, eigentlich der von einem Ban verwaltete Gränzbezirk, speciell die Landschaft Ungarns, bestehend aus den Gespanschaften Bacs Bodrogh, Torontal, Temes und Krasso, seit dem 18. Nov. 1849 die »Woiwodina Serviens und Temeser B.« bildend,… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

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