polaron

polaron
polaron [pō′lə rän΄]
n.
in solid-state physics, an electron and its surrounding field of polarization as it exists within a crystal lattice

* * *

       electron moving through the constituent atoms of a solid material, causing the neighbouring positive charges to shift toward it and the neighbouring negative charges to shift away. This distortion of the regular position of electrical charges constitutes a region of polarization that travels along with the moving electron. After the electron passes, the region returns to normal. An electron accompanied by this kind of electrical displacement of neighbouring charges constitutes a polaron.

      A polaron behaves as a negatively charged particle with a mass greater than that of an isolated electron because of its interaction with the surrounding atoms of the solid. The effect is most pronounced in ionic solids, composed of positively and negatively charged atoms called ions, because the forces between the electron and ions are strong. The strength of these forces is reflected in the mass of the polaron. In common table salt, or sodium chloride, the mass of a polaron is more than twice the mass of a free electron.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Polarón — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Un polarón es una cuasipartícula compuesta por un electrón y un campo de deformaciones asociado. Cuando un electrón se mueve lentamente por el interior de un cristal puede producir una deformación en la red… …   Wikipedia Español

  • POLARON — POLAR Quasi particule utilisée, en physique des solides polaires (cristaux ioniques), pour décrire l’effet de polarisation électrique d’un électron sur son voisinage. La polarisation est due aux déplacements en sens contraires des ions positifs… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • polaron — polarón s. m., pl. polaróni Trimis de siveco, 10.08.2004. Sursa: Dicţionar ortografic  POLARÓN s. m. unitate genetică în care conversiunea genică este polarizată. (< germ. Polaron) Trimis de raduborza, 15.09.2007. Sursa: MDN …   Dicționar Român

  • polaron — [pō′lə rän΄] n. in solid state physics, an electron and its surrounding field of polarization as it exists within a crystal lattice …   English World dictionary

  • Polaron — A polaron is a quasiparticle composed of a charge and its accompanying polarization field. A slow moving electron in a dielectric crystal, interacting with lattice ions through long range forces will permanently be surrounded by a region of… …   Wikipedia

  • Polaron — Vue d artiste d un polaron[1] Un électron de conduction dans un cristal ionique ou un semi conducteur polaire repousse les ions négatifs et attire les ions positifs. Un potentiel auto induit est alors créé et il rétroagit sur l électron. Un… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Polaron — poliaronas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. polaron vok. Polaron, n rus. полярон, m pranc. polaron, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • polaron — poliaronas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. polaron vok. Polaron, n rus. полярон, m pranc. polaron, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Polaron — Die Polaronen bezeichnen spezielle Quasiteilchen in Theorien der Deformation eines Kristalls. Wenn sich Elektronen durch einen Kristall bewegen, erzeugen sie, auf Grund ihrer elektrischen Ladung, in ihrer Umgebung eine Polarisation. Die… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Polaron — Po|la|ron 〈n. 27〉 sich aus einem Elektron u. der von ihm hervorgerufenen Gitterverformung ergebender energetischer Zustand eines Festkörpers * * * Po|la|ron [↑ polar u. ↑ on (3)], das; s, …ro|nen: in krist. Festkörpern, insbes. in Ionenkristallen …   Universal-Lexikon

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”