Nobel Prize winners by year 1

Nobel Prize winners by year 1

Table
Nobel Prize winners by year (1971–80)
year category name country* achievement literary area
1971
chemistry Herzberg, Gerhard Canada research in the structure of molecules
economics Kuznets, Simon U.S. extensive research on the economic growth of nations
literature Neruda, Pablo Chile poet
peace Brandt, Willy West Germany
physics Gabor, Dennis U.K. invention of holography
physiology/
medicine Sutherland, Earl W., Jr. U.S. action of hormones
1972
chemistry Anfinsen, Christian B. U.S. fundamental contributions to enzyme chemistry
chemistry Moore, Stanford U.S. fundamental contributions to enzyme chemistry
chemistry Stein, William H. U.S. fundamental contributions to enzyme chemistry
economics Arrow, Kenneth J. U.S. contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory
economics Hicks, Sir John R. U.K. contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory
literature Böll, Heinrich West Germany novelist
physics Bardeen, John U.S. development of the theory of superconductivity
physics Cooper, Leon N. U.S. development of the theory of superconductivity
physics Schrieffer, John Robert U.S. development of the theory of superconductivity
physiology/
medicine Edelman, Gerald Maurice U.S. research on the chemical structure of antibodies
physiology/
medicine Porter, Rodney Robert U.K. research on the chemical structure of antibodies
1973
chemistry Fischer, Ernst Otto West Germany organometallic chemistry
chemistry Wilkinson, Sir Geoffrey U.K. organometallic chemistry
economics Leontief, Wassily U.S. input-output analysis
literature White, Patrick Australia novelist
peace Kissinger, Henry A. U.S.
peace Le Duc Tho (declined) North Vietnam
physics Esaki, Leo Japan tunneling in semiconductors and superconductors
physics Giaever, Ivar U.S. tunneling in semiconductors and superconductors
physics Josephson, Brian D. U.K. tunneling in semiconductors and superconductors
physiology/
medicine Frisch, Karl von Austria discoveries in animal behaviour patterns
physiology/
medicine Lorenz, Konrad Austria discoveries in animal behaviour patterns
physiology/
medicine Tinbergen, Nikolaas U.K. discoveries in animal behaviour patterns
1974
chemistry Flory, Paul J. U.S. studies of long-chain molecules
economics Hayek, Friedrich von (Hayek, F.A.) U.K. pioneering analysis of the interdependence of economic, social, and institutional phenomena
economics Myrdal, Gunnar Sweden pioneering analysis of the interdependence of economic, social, and institutional phenomena
literature Johnson, Eyvind Sweden novelist
literature Martinson, Harry Sweden novelist, poet
peace MacBride, Seán Ireland
peace Sato Eisaku (Satō Eisaku) Japan
physics Hewish, Antony U.K. work in radio astronomy
physics Ryle, Sir Martin U.K. work in radio astronomy
physiology/
medicine Claude, Albert U.S. research on structural and functional organization of cells
physiology/
medicine Duve, Christian René de Belgium research on structural and functional organization of cells
physiology/
medicine Palade, George E. U.S. research on structural and functional organization of cells
1975
chemistry Cornforth, Sir John Warcup (Cornforth, Sir John) U.K. work in stereochemistry
chemistry Prelog, Vladimir Switzerland work in stereochemistry
economics Kantorovich, Leonid Vitalyevich U.S.S.R. contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources
economics Koopmans, Tjalling C. U.S. contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources
literature Montale, Eugenio Italy poet
physics Bohr, Aage N. Denmark work on the atomic nucleus that paved the way for nuclear fusion
physics Mottelson, Ben R. Denmark work on the atomic nucleus that paved the way for nuclear fusion
physics Rainwater, James U.S. work on the atomic nucleus that paved the way for nuclear fusion
physiology/
medicine Baltimore, David U.S. interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell
physiology/
medicine Dulbecco, Renato U.S. interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell
physiology/
medicine Temin, Howard Martin U.S. interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell
1976
chemistry Lipscomb, William Nunn, Jr. U.S. structure of boranes
economics Friedman, Milton U.S. consumption analysis, monetary theory, and economic stabilization
literature Bellow, Saul U.S. novelist
peace Corrigan, Mairéad (Corrigan-Maguire, Mairéad) Northern Ireland
peace Williams, Betty Northern Ireland
physics Richter, Burton U.S. discovery of new class of elementary particles (psi, or J)
physics Ting, Samuel C.C. U.S. discovery of new class of elementary particles (psi, or J)
physiology/
medicine Blumberg, Baruch S. U.S. studies of origin and spread of infectious diseases
physiology/
medicine Gajdusek, D. Carleton U.S. studies of origin and spread of infectious diseases
1977
chemistry Prigogine, Ilya Belgium widening the scope of thermodynamics
economics Meade, James Edward U.K. contributions to theory of international trade
economics Ohlin, Bertil Sweden contributions to theory of international trade
literature Aleixandre, Vicente Spain poet
peace Amnesty International (founded 1961)
physics Anderson, Philip W. U.S. contributions to understanding the behaviour of electrons in magnetic, noncrystalline solids
physics Mott, Sir Nevill F. U.K. contributions to understanding the behaviour of electrons in magnetic, noncrystalline solids
physics Van Vleck, John H. U.S. contributions to understanding the behaviour of electrons in magnetic, noncrystalline solids
physiology/
medicine Guillemin, Roger Charles Louis U.S. research on pituitary hormones
physiology/
medicine Schally, Andrew Victor (Schally, Andrew V.) U.S. research on pituitary hormones
physiology/
medicine Yalow, Rosalyn S. U.S. development of radioimmunoassay
1978
chemistry Mitchell, Peter Dennis U.K. formulation of a theory of energy transfer processes in biological systems
economics Simon, Herbert Alexander (Simon, Herbert A.) U.S. decision-making processes in economic organizations
literature Singer, Isaac Bashevis U.S. novelist
peace Begin, Menachem Israel
peace Sadat, Anwar el- (Sādāt, Anwar el-) Egypt
physics Kapitsa, Pyotr Leonidovich U.S.S.R. invention and application of helium liquefier
physics Penzias, Arno U.S. discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation, providing support for the big-bang theory
physics Wilson, Robert Woodrow U.S. discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation, providing support for the big-bang theory
physiology/
medicine Arber, Werner Switzerland discovery and application of enzymes that fragment DNA
physiology/
medicine Nathans, Daniel U.S. discovery and application of enzymes that fragment DNA
physiology/
medicine Smith, Hamilton Othanel U.S. discovery and application of enzymes that fragment DNA
1979
chemistry Brown, Herbert Charles U.S. introduction of compounds of boron and phosphorus in the synthesis of organic substances
chemistry Wittig, Georg West Germany introduction of compounds of boron and phosphorus in the synthesis of organic substances
economics Lewis, Sir Arthur U.K. analyses of economic processes in developing nations
economics Schultz, Theodore William U.S. analyses of economic processes in developing nations
literature Elytis, Odysseus Greece poet
peace Teresa, Mother (Teresa, Blessed Mother) India
physics Glashow, Sheldon Lee U.S. unification of electromagnetism and the weak interactions of subatomic particles
physics Salam, Abdus Pakistan unification of electromagnetism and the weak interactions of subatomic particles
physics Weinberg, Steven U.S. unification of electromagnetism and the weak interactions of subatomic particles
physiology/
medicine Cormack, Allan MacLeod U.S. development of the CAT scan
physiology/
medicine Hounsfield, Sir Godfrey Newbold U.K. development of the CAT scan
1980
chemistry Berg, Paul U.S. first preparation of a hybrid DNA
chemistry Gilbert, Walter U.S. development of chemical and biological analyses of DNA structure
chemistry Sanger, Frederick U.K. development of chemical and biological analyses of DNA structure
economics Klein, Lawrence Robert U.S. development and analysis of empirical models of business fluctuations
literature Milosz, Czeslaw (Miłosz, Czesław) U.S. poet
peace Pérez Esquivel, Adolfo Argentina
physics Cronin, James Watson U.S. demonstration of simultaneous violation of both charge-conjugation and parity-inversion symmetries
physics Fitch, Val Logsdon U.S. demonstration of simultaneous violation of both charge-conjugation and parity-inversion symmetries
physiology/
medicine Benacerraf, Baruj U.S. investigations of genetic control of the response of the immune system to foreign substances
physiology/
medicine
Gabriel-Joachim (Dausset, Jean) France investigations of genetic control of the response of the immune system to foreign substances
physiology/
medicine Snell, George Davis U.S. investigations of genetic control of the response of the immune system to foreign substances
*Nationality given is the citizenship of recipient at the time award was made. Prizes may be withheld or not awarded in years when no worthy recipient can be found or when the world situation (e.g., World Wars I and II) prevents the gathering of information needed to reach a decision.
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Universalium. 2010.

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