Political Parties 1

▪ Table

Parlia-

Voting mentary

Country Affili- strength represen-

Name of party ation (%) tation

Afghanistan

Multifactional warfare

from January 1993 — — —

Albania (March 1992)

Democratic Party CR 62.1 92 (75)

Social Democratic Party SD 4.4 7 —

Socialist Party x 25.7 38 (169)

Other — 7.8 3 (6)

Algeria

Interim government

since January 1992 — — —

Andorra (December 1993)

National Democratic

Grouping and allies ... ... 15

Others and independents ... ... 13

Angola (September 1992)

Popular Liberation Movement of

Angola-Labour Party (MPLA-PT) x 53.7 129 (203)

National Union for the Total

Independence of Angola (UNITA) — 34.1 70 —

Others — 12.2 21 —

Antigua and Barbuda (March 1994)

Antigua Labour Party C 54.4 11 (15)

United Progressive Party C 43.7 5 (1)

Barbuda People's Movement e 1.4 1 (1)

Argentina (May 1995)

Justicialist National Movement

(Peronist) CR-CL 43.1 136 (125)

Radical Civic Union C 21.7 69 (83)

Front for a Country in

Solidarity (Frepaso coalition) CL 21.0 26 (13)

Others — 14.2 26 (36)

Armenia (July 1995)

Armenian National

Movement and allies — 42.7 119

Women's organization — 16.9 8

Armenian Communist Party K 12.1 7

Others and independents — 28.3 56

Australia (March 1993)

National R 7.5 16 (14)

Liberal C 36.8 49 (55)

Labor L 44.9 80 (78)

Others and independents — 10.8 2 (1)

Austria (December 1995)

Austrian Freedom Party R 21.9 40 (42)

Austrian People's Party C 28.3 53 (52)

Austrian Social Democratic Party SD 38.1 71 (65)

Liberal Forum — 5.5 10 (11)

Greens Lg 4.8 9 (13)

Azerbaijan (November 1995)

Parliament — — 109

Bahamas, The (August 1992)

Progressive Liberal Party C 44.7 15 (31)

Free National Movement C 55.0 34 (16)

Others — 0.3 0 (2)

Bahrain

Consultative Council

(advisory body) — — —

Bangladesh (February 1991)

Bangladesh Nationalist Party CR 31 166 (18)

National Party (coalition) — 11 35 (251)

Awami League SD 31 89 —

Islamic Assembly r 12 21 (5)

Others — 15 19 (25)

Barbados (September 1994)

Democratic Labour Party C 38.8 8 (18)

National Democratic Party — 12.1 1 (0)

Barbados Labour Party SD 48.8 19 (10)

Belarus (May-December 1995)

Communist Party K ... 42

Agrarian Party ... 33

Other parties — ... 28

Independents — ... 95

Belgium (May 1995)

National Front (French) ERe 2.3 2 (1)

Vlaams Blok (Flemish) ERe 7.8 11 (12)

Volksunie (Flemish) Re 4.7 5 (10)

Flemish CR 13.1 21 (26)

Liberals

French CR 10.3 18 (20)

Flemish C 17.2 29 (39)

Social Christians

French C 7.7 12 (18)

Flemish SD 12.6 20 (28)

Socialists

French SD 11.9 21 (35)

Flemish g 4.4 5 (7)

Greens

French g 4.0 6 (10)

Others — 4.0 0 (6)

Belize (June 1993)

United Democratic Party R 48.8 16 (13)

People's United Party C 51.2 13 (15)

Benin (March-May 1995)

Government party and allies — ... 32

Opposition parties — ... 51

Bhutan

National Assembly, no parties — — 105

Bolivia (June 1993)

Civic Solidarity Union R ... 20 —

Nationalist Revolutionary

Movement CR 36 52 (40)

Patriotic Accord (coalition) — 21 35 (71)

Conscience of the Fatherland CL ... 13 (9)

Free Bolivia Movement L ... 7 —

Others — ... 3 (10)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

normal legislative operations

in abeyance from 1992

Botswana (October 1994)

Botswana Democratic Party C 54.4 27 (31)

Botswana National Front CL 37.1 13 (3)

Brazil (October 1994)

Progressive Renewal Party CR ... 52 (22)

Social Democracy and allies C ... 192 (177)

Brazilian Democratic Movement CL ... 107 (109)

Workers' Party and ally L ... 66 (46)

Democratic Labour Party L ... 34 (46)

Others — ... 62 (103)

Brunei

Legislative Council (nonelected) — — —

Bulgaria (December 1994)

Bulgarian Business Bloc R 4.7 13 (0)

People's Union CR 6.5 18 —

Union of Democratic Forces — 24.2 69 (110)

Bulgarian Socialist Party x 43.5 125 (106)

Movement for Rights and

Freedoms (Turkish) e 5.4 15 (24)

Burkina Faso (May 1992)

Government coalition ... ... 84

Opposition parties ... ... 23

Burundi (June 1993)

Burundi Democratic Front — 72.6 65

Unity for National Progress — 21.9 16

Cambodia (May 1993)

Funcinpec CR 45.5 58

Buddhist Liberal Democrats L 3.8 10

Cambodian People's Party x 38.2 51

Others — 12.5 1

Cameroon (March 1992)

People's Democratic Movement

and allied party — ... 94 (180)

Opposition parties — ... 86 —

Canada (October 1993)

Reform R 18.1 52 —

Progressive Conservative CR 16.1 2 (170)

Liberal C 41.6 177 (82)

New Democratic SD 6.6 9 (43)

Bloc Québécois e 13.9 54 —

Others and independents — 3.7 1 (0)

Cape Verde (December 1995)

Movement for Democracy — 61.3 50 (56)

African Party for the Independence

of Cape Verde — 29.8 21 (23)

Democratic Convergence Party — 6.7 1 —

Central African Republic

(August-September 1993)

Central African People's

Liberation Movement — ... 34

Others — ... 51

Chad

Transitional government

since March 1991 — — —

Chile (December 1993)

Independent Democratic Union ER ... 15 (11)

National Renovation and allied party R ... 31 (29)

Centre-right independents CR ... 4 (8)

Christian Democratic Party C ... 37 (38)

Leftist parties and independent CL-L ... 33 (34)

China (September 1992-March 1993)

National People's Congress K ... 2,978

Colombia (March 1994)

Social Conservative Party R ... 56 (15)

Other rightist parties R ... 2 (24)

Liberal Party C ... 89 (86)

Democratic Alliance-

April 19 Movement L ... 2 (15)

Others — ... 14 (21)

Comoros (December 1993)

Government supporters — ... 24 (17)

Opposition parties — ... 18 (25)

Congo (May 1993-April 1995)

Presidential Tendency — ... 66 (69)

Opposition Coalition — ... 57 (49)

Others — ... 0 (7)

Costa Rica (February 1994)

Social Christian Unity Party CR 40.4 25 (29)

National Liberation Party CL 44.6 28 (25)

Others — 15.0 4 (3)

Côte d'Ivoire (November 1995)

Democratic Party — ... 147 (163)

Rally of Democratic Forces — ... 14 —

Popular Front SD ... 10 (9)

Others and independents — ... 0 (3)

Croatia (October 1995)

Croatian Party of Rights ERe 5.0 4 (5)

Croatian Democratic Union Re 45.2 75 (85)

Moderate opposition coalition R-C 18.3 20 (6)

Croatian Social-Liberal Party CL 11.6 11 (14)

Social Democratic Party x 8.9 9 (11)

Others and independents — 11.0 8 (17)

Cuba (February 1993)

Communist Party K ... 589 (499)

Cyprus

Greek Zone (May 1991)

Democratic Rally R 35.8 20 (19)

Democratic Party (DIKO) CR 19.5 11 (16)

Socialist Party (EDEK) CL 10.9 7 (6)

Progressive Party of the

Working People K 30.6 18 (15)

Turkish Zone (December 1993)

National Unity Party CR 29.9 17

Democrat Party — 29.2 15

Communal Liberation Party CL 13.3 5

Republican Turkish Party S 24.2 13

Czech Republic (June 1992)

Association for the Republic-

Czech Republican Party ER 6.0 14

Governing coalition R-CR 41.9 105

Czech Social Democratic Party SD 6.5 16

Liberal Social Union (coalition) L 6.5 16

Left Bloc x 14.1 35

Moravia/Silesia regional party e 5.9 14

Others — 19.1 0

Denmark (September 1994)

Progress ER 6.4 11 (12)

Liberal R 23.3 42 (29)

Conservative People's R 15.0 27 (30)

Christian People's CR 1.8 0 (4)

Centre Democrats C 2.8 5 (9)

Radical Liberal C 4.6 8 (7)

Social Democrats CL 34.6 62 (69)

Socialist People's L 7.3 13 (15)

Red-Green Unity List Lg 3.1 6 (0)

Faroe Islands and Greenland — — 4 (4)

Independents — 1.0 1 (0)

Djibouti (December 1992)

Popular Rally for Progress — 74.6 65 (65)

New Democratic Party — 25.4 0 —

Dominica (June 1995)

Dominica Freedom Party CR ... 5 (11)

Dominica United Workers' Party CL ... 11 (6)

Labour Party L ... 5 (4)

Independents — ... 0 (1)

Dominican Republic (May 1994)

Social Christian Reformist Party CR ... 50 (40)

Dominican Revolutionary Party

and allies L ... 57 (36)

Dominican Liberation Party L ... 13 (44)

Ecuador (May 1994)

Conservative Party R ... 6 (6)

Republican Unity Party CR ... 3 (12)

Social Christian Party CR ... 26 (21)

Popular Democracy C ... 4 (5)

Roldosist Party — ... 11 (13)

Democratic Left SD ... 8 (7)

Democratic Popular Movement EL ... 8 (4)

Others — ... 11 (9)

Egypt (November-December 1995)

New Wafd Party R ... 6 —

National Democratic Party CR ... 317 (348)

National Progressive Unionist L ... 5 (6)

Other parties — ... 3 —

Independents — ... 113 (83)

El Salvador (March 1994)

Nationalist Republican Alliance

(Arena) R 45 39 (39)

National Conciliation Party R ... 4 (9)

Christian Democratic Party CR 16 18 (26)

Democratic Convergence L ... 1 (8)

Farabundo Martí National

Liberation Front L 29 21 —

Others — ... 1 (2)

Equatorial Guinea (November 1993)

Democratic Party — ... 68 (41)

Principal opposition parties — (Boycotted) —

Others — ... 12 —

Eritrea

Transitional government

from May 1993 — — —

Estonia (March 1995)

Republican and Conservative

People's Party R 5.0 5 —

Pro Patria ("Fatherland") Coalition CR 7.9 8 (29)

Estonian Reform Party CR 16.2 19 —

Estonian Centre Party CL 14.2 16 —

Coalition and Rural People's Union CL/x 32.2 41 (17)

Moderates SD 6.0 6 (12)

Our Home is Estonia

(pro-Russian alliance) e 5.9 6 —

Others — 12.6 0 (43)

Ethiopia (May-June 1995)

Ethiopian People's Revolutionary

Democratic Front ... ... 493

Major opposition parties (Boycotted)

Others and independents — ... 54

Fiji (February 1994)

Ethnic Fijian seats e ... 37 (37)

Ethnic Indian seats e ... 27 (27)

Chinese/European seats e ... 4 (4)

Multiracial seat e ... 1 (1)

Rotuma Island e ... 1 (1)

Finland (March 1995)

Finnish Christian Union R 3.0 7 (8)

National Coalition CR 17.9 39 (40)

Swedish People's Party e 5.1 12 (12)

Finnish Centre C 19.9 44 (55)

Social Democratic Party S 28.3 63 (48)

Left-Wing Alliance L-K 11.2 22 (19)

Green Union g 6.5 9 (10)

Others — 8.1 4 (8)

France (March 1993; 1st round %s)

National Front ER 12.4 0 (1)

Rally for the Republic (RPR) R 20.4 247 (127)

Other right-wing parties R 4.7 24 (16)

Union for French Democracy (UDF) CR 19.1 213 (129)

Socialist Party S 17.6 54 (260)

Other left-wing parties L 4.5 16 (16)

Communist Party K 9.2 23 (27)

Others — 12.1 0 (1)

Gabon (September 1990-March 1991)

Gabonese Democratic Party — ... 66 (111)

Progress Party — ... 19 —

Rally of Woodcutters — ... 17 —

Others — ... 18 —

Gambia, The

Military government

since July 1994 — — —

Georgia (November 1995; partial results)

All Georgian Union of Revival CR 6.8 —

National Democratic Party CR 7.9 59 (12)

Citizens of Georgia Union — 23.7 91 —

Others and independents — 61.6 ... (228)

Germany (October 1994)

Christian Social Union R 7.3 50 (51)

Christian Democratic Union CR 34.2 244 (268)

Free Democratic Party C 6.9 47 (79)

Social Democratic Party SD 36.4 252 (239)

Party of Democratic Socialism x 4.4 30 (17)

Greens/Alliance '90 g 7.3 49 (8)

Others — 3.5 0 (0)

Ghana (December 1992)

National Democratic Congress — ... 189

Others — ... 11

Greece (October 1993)

Political Spring CR 4.9 10 —

New Democracy CR 39.3 111 (152)

Panhellenic Socialist Movement

(Pasok) S 46.9 170 (124)

Progressive Left Coalition L-K 2.9 0

Communist Party K 4.5 9 (21)

Others — 1.5 0 (3)

Grenada (June 1995)

Grenada United Labour Party R ... 2 (4)

National Democratic Congress C ... 5 (7)

National Party C ... 0 (2)

New National Party C ... 8 (2)

Guatemala (November 1995)

National Advancement Party Rp ... 43 (24)

Guatemalan Republican Front Rp ... 21 (32)

Christian Democratic Party Cp ... 4 (13)

National Centre Union Cp ... 3 (8)

New Guatemala Democratic Front CL ... 6 —

Others — ... 3 (3)

Guinea (June 1995)

Presidential party and allies — ... 76

Opposition parties — ... 38

Guinea-Bissau (July 1994)

African Party for the Independence

of Guinea and Cape Verde L 46.0 62 (150)

Guinea-Bissau Resistance — 19.2 19 —

Other opposition parties — 34.8 19 —

Guyana (October 1992)

United Force CR 1.2 1 (2)

People's National Congress Se 43.6 31 (42)

People's Progressive Party Se 52.3 32 (8)

Working Peoples Alliance L 1.7 1 (1)

Haiti (June-September 1995)

Lavalas movement L ... 68

Others — ... 15

Honduras (November 1993)

National Party R 43.0 55 (71)

Liberal Party CR 53.0 71 (55)

Others — 4.0 2 (2)

Hungary (May 1994)

Independent Smallholders R 8.8 26 (43)

Hungarian Democratic Forum CR 11.7 37 (165)

Christian Democratic People's Party CR 7.1 22 (21)

Alliance of Free Democrats CL 19.8 70 (92)

Federation of Young Democrats L 7.0 20 (21)

Hungarian Socialist Party x 33.0 209 (33)

Others and independents — 12.6 2 (11)

Iceland (April 1995)

Independence Party R 37.1 25 (26)

Progressive Party C 23.3 15 (13)

Women's Alliance CL 4.9 3 (5)

People's Movement CL 7.2 4

Social Democratic Party SD 11.4 7 (10)

People's Alliance L 14.3 9 (9)

India (May 1991-February 1992)

Bharatiya Janata Rr ... 121 (88)

Congress (I) C ... 245 (192)

Janata Dal CL ... 58 (141)

Communist parties K ... 49 (43)

Others — ... 72 (59)

Indonesia (June 1992)

Golkar (Functional Groups) — 68 281 (299)

United Development Party r 17 63 (61)

Indonesian Democratic Party — 15 56 (40)

Iran (April-May 1992)

Consultative Assembly, no parties — ... 270

Iraq (April 1989)

Ba'th Party — 64

Others — 36 250

Ireland (November 1992)

Progressive Democrats R 4.7 10 (5)

Fianna Fail (Republican) C 39.1 68 (77)

Fine Gael (United Ireland) C 24.5 45 (55)

Labour Party SD 19.3 33 (16)

Democratic Left S 2.8 4 (7)

Green Alliance g 1.4 1 (1)

Others — 8.2 5 (5)

Israel (June 1992)

Moledet ER 2.4 3 (2)

Tzomet R 6.4 8 (2)

United Torah Judaism r 3.3 4 (7)

Shas Rr 4.9 6 (6)

Likud R 24.9 32 (40)

National Religious (Mafdal) CRr 5.0 6 (5)

Labour SD 34.6 44 (39)

Meretz SD 9.6 12 (10)

Arab (Democracy) e 1.6 2 (1)

Hadash K 2.4 3 (4)

Others — 4.9 0 (4)

Italy (March 1994)

National Alliance F 13.5 109 (34)

Northern League Re 8.4 113 (55)

Forza Italia R 21.0 112 —

Other rightists R 3.5 32 —

Centrist parties (formerly

Christian Democratic Party) C 15.7 46 (206)

Democratic Alliance/Italian

Socialists SD/L 3.4 33 (119)

The Network (anti-Mafia) L 1.9 8 (12)

Democratic Party of the Left x 20.4 114 (107)

Communist Refoundation Party K 6.0 41 (35)

Green List g 2.7 11 (16)

Others — 7.0 11 (46)

Jamaica (March 1993)

Jamaica Labour Party CL 39 8 (15)

People's National Party L 61 52 (45)

Japan (July 1993)

Liberal-Democratic Party R 36.7 225 (275)

Shinseito (Japan Renewal) R 10.1 55 —

Japan New Party R 8.1 36 —

New Party Sakigake R 2.6 13 —

Komeito (Clean Government) C 8.1 52 (45)

Democratic Socialist Party SD 3.5 15 (14)

United Social Democratic Party SD 0.7 4 (4)

Social Democratic Party S 15.4 70 (136)

Japan Communist Party L 7.7 15 (16)

Others and independents — 7.1 27 (22)

Jordan (November 1993)

Islamic Action Front r ... 16 (20)

Independent Islamic

fundamentalists r ... 5 (12)

Tribal/traditional candidates C ... 49

Independent centrists C ... 3 (17)

Leftists L ... 7 (11)

Kazakhstan (December 1995)

Assembly — ... 43

Kenya (December 1992)

Kenya African National Union — ... 100 (188)

Forum for Restoration of

Democracy (2 wings) — ... 62 —

Democratic Party — ... 23 —

Others — ... 3 —

Kiribati (July 1994)

Christian Democratic Party p ... 13

Gilbertese National Progressive

Party p ... 7

Independents — ... 19

Korea, North (April 1990)

Korean Workers' Party K 99.8 687

Korea, South (March 1992)

United People's Party R 17.3 31

Democratic Liberal Party — 38.5 149

Democratic Party CL 29.2 97

Others and independents — 15.0 22

Kuwait (October 1992)

Government supporters — ... 19

Fundamental opposition r ... 19

Liberal opposition — ... 12

Kyrgyzstan (February-April 1995)

Legislative Assembly — — 35

Laos (December 1992)

Government Party K ... 85 (79)

Latvia (October 1995)

People's Movement for Latvia ERp 15.1 16 —

Fatherland and Freedom ERe 11.6 14 (6)

National Conservative Party Re 6.2 8 (15)

Farmer's Union and allies CR 6.1 8 (18)

Latvia's Way C 14.7 17 (36)

Saimnieks ("In Charge") CL 15.3 18 —

National Harmony Party

(pro-Russian) CL 5.6 6 (13)

Unity Party K 7.2 8 —

Others — 5.7 5 (12)

Lebanon (August-October 1992)

Christian members — ... 64

Muslim/Druze members — ... 64

Lesotho (March 1993)

Basotho Congress Party — 74.8 65

Basotho National Party — 22.7 0

Liberia

Transitional government

from September 1995 — — —

Libya

General People's Congress — — 750

Liechtenstein (October 1993)

Progressive Citizens' Party CR 41.3 11 (12)

Fatherland Union C 50.1 13 (11)

The Free List g 8.5 1 (2)

Lithuania (October-November 1992)

Christian Democrats and allies R 12.9 18

Reform Movement (Sajudis) CR 21.7 29

Social Democratic Party SD 6.2 8

Democratic Labour Party x 45.1 74

Others and independents — 14.1 14

Luxembourg (June 1994)

Christian Social People's Party CR 29.3 21 (22)

Democratic Party C 11.6 12 (11)

Socialist Workers' Party S 33.5 17 (18)

Communist Party K 2.8 0 (1)

Action Committee for Democracy

and Justice — 7.1 5 (4)

Green Alternative g 10.2 5 (4)

Macedonia (October-November 1994)

Alliance of Macedonia x ... 95

Party of Democratic

Prosperity (Albanian) e ... 10

Others and independents — ... 15

Madagascar (June 1993)

Living Forces coalition — ... 75

Others — ... 59

Malawi (May 1994)

United Democratic Front — 46.4 84 —

Malawi Congress Party — 33.6 55 (136)

Alliance for Democracy — 18.9 36 —

Malaysia (April 1995)

Islamic parties CR ... 13 (15)

National Front coalition e 64.0 162 (127)

Democratic Action Party — ... 9 (20)

Others and independents — ... 8 (118)

Maldives (December 1994)

People's Council, no parties — ... 40

Mali (February-March 1992)

Alliance for Democracy in Mali — 48.4 76

Others — 51.6 40

Malta (February 1992)

Nationalist Party R 51.8 34 (35)

Labour Party SD 46.5 31 (34)

Marshall Islands (November 1995)

House of Representatives — — 33

Mauritania (March 1992)

Democratic and Social

Republican Party R 85 67

Others and independents — 15 12

Mauritius (December 1995)

Mauritian Socialist Movement

and allied parties — 19.7 0

Mauritian Militant Movement (59)

Mauritian Labour Party and

allied parties — 65.2 62 (3)

Others — 15.1 0 —

Mexico (August 1994)

National Action Party (PAN) CR 24.0 119 (89)

Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) C 48.6 300 (320)

Democratic Revolutionary Party CL 16.2 69 (41)

Labour Party L 2.6 12 (0)

Others — 8.6 0 (50)

Micronesia (March 1995)

Congress, no parties — ... 14

Moldova (February 1994)

Popular Front alliance Re 7.5 9

Peasants/Intellectuals bloc Ce 9.2 11

Agrarian Democratic Party C-x 43.2 56

Socialist/Unity bloc (Russian) xe 22.0 28

Others — 18.1 0

Monaco (January 1993)

Campora list p ... 15

Others p ... 3

Mongolia (June 1992)

People's Revolutionary Party x 56.9 71 (33)

Others — 43.1 5 (20)

Morocco (June-September 1993)

Constitutional Union CR ... 54 (83)

National Democratic Party CR ... 24 (24)

Berber parties CRe ... 76 (47)

National Assembly of

Independents C ... 41 (61)

Democratic Bloc CL-EL ... 120 (85)

Others and independents — ... 18 (6)

Mozambique (October 1994)

Mozambique Liberation

Front (Frelimo) x 44.3 129 (250)

Mozambique National

Resistance (Renamo) — 37.8 112

Democratic Union — 5.2 9

Myanmar

Military government

since September 1988 — — —

Namibia (December 1994)

Democratic Turnhalle Alliance C 20.8 15 (21)

South West Africa People's

Organization (SWAPO) L 73.9 53 (41)

Others — 5.3 4 (10)

Nauru (November 1995)

Parliament p — 18 (18)

Nepal (November 1994)

National Democratic parties R 17.9 20 (4)

Nepali Congress Party C 33.4 83 (110)

Communist parties L 30.9 88 (82)

Others and independents — 17.8 14 (9)

Netherlands, The (May 1994)

Christian Democratic Appeal CR 22.2 34 (54)

People's Party for Freedom

and Democracy CR 19.9 31 (22)

Democrats 66 CL 15.5 24 (12)

Labour Party SD 24.0 37 (49)

Green Left Lg 3.5 5 (6)

General Union of the Elderly — 4.5 6 —

Others — 10.4 13 (7)

New Zealand (November 1993)

New Zealand First — 8.4 2 —

National Party CR 35.0 50 (67)

Labour Party CL 34.7 45 (29)

The Alliance (coalition) CL 18.2 2 (1)

Nicaragua (February 1990)

National Opposition Union CR 54.7 51

Sandinista National Liberation Front L 40.8 39

Others — 4.5 2

Niger (January 1995)

Government Coalition — 49.5 40 (50)

National Movement for a Developing

Society (former single party) — 32.3 29 (29)

Others — 18.2 14 (4)

Nigeria

Military government since 1993 — — —

Norway (September 1993)

Progress Party R 6.3 10 (22)

Conservative Party R 16.9 28 (37)

Christian People's Party CR 7.9 13 (14)

Centre Party CR 16.8 32 (11)

Labour Party SD 37.0 67 (63)

Socialist Left S 7.9 13 (17)

Others — 7.2 2 (1)

Oman

Consultative Council (advisory body) — — —

Pakistan (October 1993)

Religious parties Rr ... 10 (6)

Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) — 41.0 73

Pakistan Muslim League (Junejo) — ... 6 (105)

Pakistan People's Party CL 38.0 86 (45)

Mohajir Qaumi Movement e (Boycotted) (15)

Other and independents — ... 26 (30)

Palau (November 1992)

House of Delegates — — 14

Panama (May 1994)

Democratic Revolutionary Party

and allies — ... 31 (12)

Others — ... 41 (55)

Papua New Guinea (June 1992)

United Party (Pangu Pati) p ... 22 (26)

People's Democratic Movement p ... 15 (18)

Others p ... 40 (41)

Independents — ... 31 (21)

Paraguay (May 1993)

Colorado Party R 43.0 38 (48)

Authentic Radical Liberal Party CL 35.1 33 (19)

National Encounter coalition — 17.1 9 —

Others — 4.8 0 (5)

Peru (April 1995)

Popular Christian Party R 3.1 3 (8)

Popular Action CR 3.3 4 —

Change 90-New Majority p 52.1 67 (44)

Union for Peru p 14.0 17 —

Independent Moralizing Front — 4.9 6 (7)

American Popular Revolutionary

Alliance CL 6.5 8 —

Others — 16.1 15 (21)

Philippines (May 1995)

National People's Coalition R 9.3 23 (48)

Liberal Party C 1.2 7 (15)

People Power-National Union

of Christian Democrats p 50.0 142 (51)

Democratic Filipino Struggle — 9.7 21 (87)

Others and independents — 29.8 10 (0)

Poland (September 1993)

Confederation for an

Independent Poland R 5.8 22 (46)

Non-Party Bloc to Support Reform R 5.4 16 —

Democratic Union CL 10.6 74 (62)

Labour Union L 7.3 41 (4)

Democratic Left Alliance x 20.4 171 (60)

Polish Peasant Party x 15.4 132 (48)

German minority organizations e 0.5 4 (7)

Others — 34.6 0 (233)

Portugal (October 1995)

Popular Party R 9.1 15 (5)

Social Democratic Party CR 34.0 88 (135)

Socialist Party CL 43.9 112 (72)

Unified Democratic Coalition L-K 8.6 15 (17)

Others — 4.4 0 (1)

Qatar

Consultative Council (advisory body) — — —

Romania (September 1992)

Romanian National Unity Party ERe 7.7 30

Greater Romania e 3.9 16

Democratic Convention of Romania CR 20.0 82

Democratic National Salvation Front x 27.7 117

National Salvation Front x 10.2 43

Hungarian Democratic Union e 7.5 27

Others — 23.0 13

Russia (December 1995)

Liberal Democratic Party ERe 11.2 51 (64)

Congress of Russian Communities R/CLe 4.3 5 —

Our Home is Russia CR 10.1 55 —

Forward Russia! C 4.0 1 —

Russia's Democratic Choice CL 3.9 9 (76)

Yabloko (Bloc of Three) CL 6.9 45 (28)

Women of Russia CL 4.6 3 (24)

Communist Party L 22.3 157 (45)

Agrarian Party L 3.8 20 (55)

Power to the People Le 1.6 9 —

Workers' Russia EL 4.5 1 (0)

Other parties — ... 17 (137)

Independents — ... 77 (21)

Rwanda

Transitional government

from July 1994 — — —

Saint Kitts and Nevis (July 1995)

People's Action Movement CL ... 1 (4)

Nevis Reformation Party CL ... 1 (1)

St Kitts-Nevis Labour Party L ... 7 (4)

Concerned Citizens' Movement — ... 2 (2)

Saint Lucia (April 1992)

United Workers' Party C 54.9 11 (9)

St. Lucia Labour Party CL 41.9 6 (8)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (February 1994)

New Democratic Party C 54.6 12 (15)

St. Vincent Labour Party SD 26.0 2 (0)

Movement for National Unity L 17.3 1 (0)

San Marino (May 1993)

Christian Democrats CR 41.4 26 (27)

Socialist Party S 23.7 14 (7)

Progressive Democratic Party x 18.6 11 (18)

Popular Democratic Alliance — 7.7 4 —

Other parties — 8.6 5 (8)

São Tomé and Príncipe (October 1994)

Party of Democratic

Convergence C 17 14 (33)

Movement for Liberation

of São Tomé and Príncipe L 43 27 (21)

Independent Democratic Action — 26 14 —

Others — 4 0 (1)

Saudi Arabia

Consultative Council (advisory body) — — —

Senegal (May 1993)

Socialist Party SD 56.6 84 (103)

Senegalese Democratic Party — 30.2 27 (17)

Let Us Unite Senegal EL 4.9 3 —

Other parties — 8.3 6 —

Seychelles (July 1993)

People's Progressive Front L 57.5 28 (23)

Others — 42.5 5 —

Sierra Leone

Military government

since May 1992 — — —

Singapore (August 1991)

People's Action Party CR 61 77 (80)

Democratic Party CL 12 3 (1)

Workers' Party L 14 1 (0)

Slovakia (September-October 1994)

Slovak National Party Re 5.4 9 (15)

Movement for a Democratic

Slovakia CR 35.0 61 (74)

Democratic Union C 8.6 15 —

Christian Democratic Movement CL 10.1 17 (18)

Common Choice coalition CL-x 10.4 18 (29)

Hungarian minority coalition e 10.2 17 (14)

Others — 20.3 13 (0)

Slovenia (December 1992)

Slovenian National Party ER 10.2 12

Slovenian People's Party R 8.7 10

Christian Democrats CR 14.5 15

Associated List coalition — 13.6 14

Democratic Party C 5.1 6

Liberal Democratic Party CL 23.5 22

Social Democratic Party SD 3.3 4

Greens of Slovenia g 3.7 5

Others — 17.4 0

Solomon Islands (May 1993)

Government Alliance p ... 24

Opposition party p ... 23

Somalia

No government since 1991 — — —

South Africa (April 1994)

Freedom Front ER 2.2 9

National Party CR 20.4 82

Inkatha Freedom Party e 10.5 43

Democratic Party C 1.7 7

African National Congress CL 62.7 252

Pan-Africanist Congress EL 1.2 5

Others — 1.3 2

Spain (June 1993)

Popular Party R 34.8 141 (107)

Democratic and Social Centre C 1.7 0 (14)

Basque Nationalist Party Ce 1.2 5 (5)

Canary Islands coalition Ce 0.9 4 —

Convergence and Union (Catalan) CLe 5.0 17 (18)

Socialist Workers' Party S 38.7 159 (175)

United Left L-K 9.6 18 (17)

Herri Batasuna (Basque radicals) ELe 0.9 2 (4)

Others — 7.2 4 (10)

Sri Lanka (August 1994)

United National Party CR 44.0 94 (125)

People's Alliance CL 48.9 105

Others and independents — 3.6 14 (86)

Sri Lanka Muslim Congress r 1.8 7 (4)

Tamil United Liberation Front e 1.7 5 (10)

Sudan, The

Transitional government

since February 1992 — — —

Suriname (May 1991)

National Democratic Party — 21.8 12 (3)

Front for Democracy and Development

(four-party coalition) — 54.2 30 (42)

Democratic Alternative '91 — 16.7 9 —

Swaziland (September-October 1993)

House of Assembly, no parties — — 55

Sweden (September 1994)

New Democracy R 1.2 0 (24)

Christian Democrats R 4.1 15 (27)

Moderate Coalition Party CR 22.4 80 (80)

Centre Party CR 7.7 27 (31)

Liberal People's Party C 7.2 26 (33)

Social Democrats S 45.3 161 (138)

Left Party x 6.2 22 (16)

Greens g 5.0 18 (0)

Switzerland (October 1995)

Swiss People's Party R 14.9 29 (25)

Christian Democrats CR 17.0 34 (36)

Liberal Party CR 2.7 7 (10)

Radical Democrats C 20.2 45 (44)

Social Democrats SD 21.8 54 (42)

Green Party g 5.0 9 (14)

Freedom Party — 4.0 7 (8)

Others — 14.4 15 (21)

Syria (August 1994)

Ba'th Party and allies — ... 167 (166)

Independents — ... 83 (84)

Taiwan (December 1995)

New Party (pro-unification) R 12.9 21 —

Nationalist (Kuomintang) — 46.1 85 (96)

Democratic Progressive

Party (pro-independence) — 33.2 54 (50)

Others and independents — 7.8 4 (15)

Tajikistan (February-March 1995)

Communist Party K ... 60

Others and independents — ... 119

Western/Islamic parties (Banned)

Tanzania (October-November 1995)

Civic United Front — ... 24 —

NCCR-Mageuzi — ... 16 —

Revolutionary Party of Tanzania S ... 186 (216)

Others — ... 6 —

Thailand (July 1995)

Government coalition:

Thai Nation — ... 92 (77)

New Aspiration Party — ... 57 (51)

Righteous Force — ... 23 (47)

Social Action Party — ... 22 (22)

Others — ... 39 (7)

Opposition:

Democrat Party — ... 86 (79)

National Development Party — ... 53 (60)

Others — ... 19 (17)

Togo (February 1994)

Rally of the Togolese People

(former single party) — ... 35

Action Committee for Renewal — ... 34

Union for Democracy — ... 6

Others — ... 3

Tonga (February 1993)

Pro-Democracy Movement — ... 6 (6)

Others — ... 3 (3)

Trinidad and Tobago (November 1995)

People's National Movement C 50 17 (21)

National Alliance for Reconstruction C ... 2 (2)

United National Congress — 45 17 (13)

Tunisia (March 1994)

Government party CL 97.7 144 (141)

Others — 2.3 19 (0)

Turkey (December 1995)

Nationalist Action Party ER 8.2 0

Welfare (Refah) Party Rr 21.4 158 (62)

True Path Party CR 19.2 135 (178)

Motherland Party CR 19.7 132 (115)

Democratic Left Party CL 14.6 76 (7)

Republican People's Party CL 10.7 49 —

Other leftist CL-L ... 0 (88)

Turkmenistan (December 1994)

Democratic Party of

Turkmenistan x — 50

Tuvalu (November 1993)

Parliament, no parties — — 12

Uganda

Military regime from July 1985 — — —

Ukraine (March 1994-December 1995)

Extreme nationalist parties ERe ... 5

Less extreme nationalist parties CRe ... 15

Ukrainian Popular Movement (Rukh) Ce ... 21

Centrist parties C ... 17

Communist Party and allies K-EL ... 132

Independents — ... 229

United Arab Emirates

Federal National Council

(advisory body) — — —

United Kingdom (April 1992)

Democratic Unionists Re 0.3 3 (3)

Conservative Party CR 41.9 336 (375)

Liberal Democrats CL 17.9 20 (22)

Labour Party L 34.4 271 (229)

Scottish National Party e 1.9 3 (3)

Plaid Cymru (Welsh Nationalists) e 0.5 4 (3)

Ulster Unionists — 0.8 9 (9)

Social Democratic and Labour

Party (Northern Ireland) CLe 0.6 4 (3)

Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) ELe 0.2 0 (1)

Others — 1.5 1 (2)

United States (November 1994)

Republican CR 52.4 230 (175)

Democratic C 45.4 204 (259)

Others — 2.2 1 (1)

Uruguay (November 1994)

National (Blanco) Party C 31.4 31 (39)

Colorado Party C 32.5 32 (30)

New Space CL 5.1 5 (9)

Progressive Encounter L 30.8 31 —

Broad Front L ... — (21)

Uzbekistan (December 1994-

January 1995)

People's Democratic Party

and allies x 100.0 250

Opposition parties (Banned)

Vanuatu (November 1995)

Union of Moderate Parties CR ... 17 (19)

Vanuatu National United Party CR ... 9 (10)

Unity Front coalition — ... 20 (16)

Others and independents — ... 4 (1)

Venezuela (December 1993)

COPEI (Social Christians) CR-CL ... 54 (67)

Democratic Action SD ... 55 (97)

National Convergence —

Movement to Socialism L ... 50 (18)

The Radical Cause EL ... 40 (3)

Others — ... 0 (16)

Vietnam (July 1992)

Vietnam Fatherland Front — ... 395

Western Samoa (April 1991)

Human Rights Protection Party — ... 30 (27)

National Development Party — ... 14 (19)

Independents — ... 3 (1)

Yemen (April 1993)

Yemeni Alliance for Reform Rr ... 62

General People's Congress — ... 123

Yemeni Socialist Party K ... 56

Others and independents — ... 60

Yugoslavia (December 1992)

Serbian Radical Party Fe 24.4 34 (33)

Serbian Democratic Movement C 18.7 20 —

Democratic Party C 6.5 5 —

Socialist Party of Serbia xe 34.2 47 (73)

Democratic Party of Socialists

of Montenegro xe 3.0 17 (23)

Democratic Community (Hungarian) e 2.4 3 (2)

Others — 10.8 12 (6)

Zaire

Transitional government

from April 1994 — — —

Zambia (October 1991)

Movement for Multiparty

Democracy — 75.8 125 —

United National Independence — 24.2 25 (125)

Zimbabwe (April 1995)

Zimbabwe African National Union-

Patriotic Front — 82.3 118 (117)

Others and independents — 17.7 2 (3)

* * *