Wieland, Christoph Martin

Wieland, Christoph Martin

▪ German poet
born Sept. 5, 1733, Oberholzheim, near Biberach [Germany]
died Jan. 20, 1813, Weimar, Saxe-Weimar

      poet and man of letters of the German Rococo period whose work spans the major trends of his age, from rationalism and the Enlightenment to classicism and pre-Romanticism.

      Wieland was the son of a Pietist parson, and his early writings from the 1750s were sanctimonious and strongly devotional. During the 1760s, however, he discovered another, more sensual aspect of his nature and moved toward a more worldly, rationalistic philosophy. Although some of Wieland's work of this period includes erotic poetry, he began to find the balance between sensuality and rationalism that marked his mature writing. His Geschichte des Agathon, 2 vol. (1766–67; History of Agathon), which describes the process, is considered the first Bildungsroman, or novel of psychological development.

      Between 1762 and 1766 Wieland published the first German translations of 22 of William Shakespeare's plays, which were to be influential models for Sturm und Drang (“Storm and Stress”) dramatists. Wieland was professor of philosophy at Erfurt (1769–72) and was then appointed tutor to the Weimar princes. He was not a successful teacher but spent the rest of his life in or near the court circle as an admired man of letters. In 1773 he established Der teutsche Merkur (“The German Mercury”), which was a leading literary periodical for 37 years. Late in life, he considered himself a classicist and devoted most of his time to translating Greek and Roman authors. His allegorical verse epic Oberon (1780) foreshadows many aspects of Romanticism.

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  • Wieland, Christoph Martin — Wieland, Christoph Martin. Vom »Oberon« hat wohl Jedermann einmal sprechen hören. Wer aber diesen auch nur oberflächlich, oder vom Hörensagen kennt, dem muß der Name W. angenehm klingen. W., durch dessen vielverzweigte Wirksamkeit der deutsche… …   Damen Conversations Lexikon

  • Wieland, Christoph Martin — ► (1733 1813) Poeta y literato alemán. Atacó las costumbres del siglo con un intento de superación. Autor del poema Oberón (1780) …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • WIELAND, CHRISTOPH MARTIN —    eminent German littérateur, born near Biberach, a small village in Swabia, son of a pastor of the pietist school; studied at Tübingen; became professor of Philosophy at Erfurt, and settled in Weimar in 1772 as tutor to the two sons of the… …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Christoph Martin Wieland — (September 5, 1733 – January 20, 1813) was a German poet and writer. 1805 portrait of Christoph Martin Wieland by Ferdinand Carl Christian Jagemann Contents …   Wikipedia

  • Christoph Martin Wieland — Portrait de F. C. C. Jagemann, 1805. Activités Éditeur …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Christoph Martin Wieland — Porträt Wielands von Ferdinand Jagemann, 1805 Christoph Martin Wieland (* 5. September 1733 in Oberholzheim bei Laupheim; † 20. Januar 1813 in Weimar) war ein deutscher Dichter, Übersetzer un …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Christoph Martin Wieland — Retrato de Wieland por F.C.C. Jagemann, 1805 Christoph Martin Wieland ( * 5 de septiembre de 1733 – 20 de enero de 1813), fue un poeta, escritor, traductor y editor alemán. Biogra …   Wikipedia Español

  • Christoph-Martin-Wieland-Preis — Der Christoph Martin Wieland Preis ist ein deutscher Literaturpreis, der alle zwei Jahre (im September) in der Wielandstadt Biberach an der Riß für herausragende Übersetzungen verliehen wird. Er knüpft an Christoph Martin Wieland an, der als… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Wieland-Gymnasium — Schultyp Gymnasium Ort Biberach an der Riß Bundesland Baden Württemberg Koordinaten …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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