Tammuz, Fast of

Tammuz, Fast of

      a minor Jewish observance (on Tammuz 17) that inaugurates three weeks of mourning (see Three Weeks) that culminate in the 24-hour fast of Tisha be-Av. Though probably an adaptation of some pagan festival, the Jewish people have associated the fast with several unhappy historical events: the breaching of the walls of Jerusalem by the Babylonian king Nebuchadrezzar in 586 BC, the capture of Jerusalem by Titus in AD 70, the breaking of the tablets of the Law by Moses, the burning of the Torah, the suspension of whole offerings and the cessation of sacrifices, and the erection of an idol in the sanctuary by the Romans.

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  • TAMMUZ, FAST OF — TAMMUZ, FAST OF, communal fast occurring on the 17th of Tammuz, commemorating the breaching of the walls of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (586 B.C.E.) and Titus (70 C.E.). The Jerusalem Talmud (Ta an. 4:8, 68c) maintains that both catastrophes… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • TAMMUZ — (Heb. תַּמּוּז), the post Exilic name of the fourth month of the Jewish year. The word, but not the month, occurs in Ezekiel 8:14 and is held to be identical with the Babylonian Dumuzi corresponding to Adonis of the Greeks. Tammuz as the name of… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Tammuz (month) — For the deity, see Tammuz (deity).Tammuz (Arabic: تموز , Assyrian: ܬܡܘܙ , Hebrew: תמוז, Standard Tammuz Tiberian Unicode|Tammûz ) is the Arabic and Assyrian name for the month of July used in the Levant and Turkey, and tenth month of the civil… …   Wikipedia

  • Fast of Tammuz — noun (Judaism) a minor fast day on Tammuz 17 when the walls of Jerusalem were breached • Topics: ↑Judaism • Hypernyms: ↑minor fast day * * * Usage: capitalized F&T : a Jewish day observed on the 17th of Tammuz and commemorating the breach of the… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Fast of the Firstborn — Infobox Holiday caption = J. M. W. Turner s depiction of the Plague of the Firstborn ( The Tenth Plague of Egypt , 1802) holiday name = Fast of the firstborn official name = Hebrew: תענית בכורות ( Ta anit B chorot ) or תענית בכורים ( Ta anit B… …   Wikipedia

  • Fast —    The sole fast required by the law of Moses was that of the great Day of Atonement (q.v.), Lev. 23:26 32. It is called the fast (Acts 27:9).    The only other mention of a periodical fast in the Old Testament is in Zech. 7:1 7; 8:19, from which …   Easton's Bible Dictionary

  • Seventeenth of Tammuz — Infobox Holiday holiday name = Seventeenth of Tammuz official name = Hebrew: שבעה עשר בתמוז observedby = Jews in Judaism date = 17th day of Tammuz observances = Fasting, prayer type = Jewish significance = Date when the walls of Jerusalem were… …   Wikipedia

  • FASTING AND FAST DAYS — FASTING AND FAST DAYS, the precept (or custom) of refraining from eating and drinking. In the Bible Although the origins of the ritual of fasting are obscure, several current theories claim that it originated as (1) a spiritual preparation for… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • minor fast day — noun one of five minor fast days on the Jewish calendar • Hypernyms: ↑fast day • Hyponyms: ↑Fast of Gedaliah, ↑Fast of Tevet, ↑Fast of Esther, ↑Fast of the Firstborn, ↑Fast of Tammuz …   Useful english dictionary

  • Judaism — /jooh dee iz euhm, day , deuh /, n. 1. the monotheistic religion of the Jews, having its ethical, ceremonial, and legal foundation in the precepts of the Old Testament and in the teachings and commentaries of the rabbis as found chiefly in the… …   Universalium

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