Spaatz, Carl

Spaatz, Carl

▪ United States military officer
byname  Tooey Spaatz  
born June 28, 1891, Boyertown, Pennsylvania, U.S.
died July 14, 1974, Washington, D.C.
 the leading U.S. combat air commander in World War II and the first chief of staff of the independent U.S. Air Force (United States Air Force, The).

      A graduate (1914) of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, Spaatz served as a combat pilot during World War I and then acquired extensive staff and command experience between 1919 and 1942. He went to England in 1940 to evaluate German military power, and in July 1942, after the United States had entered the war, he took command of the Eighth Air Force in England. Early in 1943 he was shifted to the Mediterranean theatre, where he commanded the Northwest Africa Air Forces and then directed air assaults against Italy. In January 1944 he became commander of the U.S. Strategic Air Forces in Europe. In this capacity he directed the daylight precision bombing of Germany and occupied lands from both England and Italy until the end of the war in Europe—complementing the nighttime saturation bombings directed by Arthur Harris (Harris, Sir Arthur Travers, 1st Baronet), his counterpart in the Royal Air Force Bomber Command. In preparation for the Normandy Invasion of June 1944, Spaatz's air forces mounted huge bombing runs against Germany's aircraft industry and then its petroleum and synthetic fuel industries.

      Spaatz moved to the Pacific theatre in July 1945, and, though personally opposed to the use of atomic bombs against Japanese cities, he directed the final strategic bombing of Japan that included, under orders of President Harry S. Truman (Truman, Harry S.), the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He became chief of staff of the newly independent U.S. Air Force (September 1947), but, not enjoying the administrative work, he retired in 1948. He worked for a time as a journalist on national security issues and also served on various civic committees.

Additional Reading
Biographical material can be found in companion volumes by DeWitt S. Copp, A Few Great Captains (1980), and Forged in Fire (1982). Full-length biographies include David R. Mets, Master of Airpower (1988); and Richard G. Davis, Carl A. Spaatz and the Air War in Europe (1993), focusing on his role in World War II.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Spaatz, Carl (Andrews) — known as Tooey Spaatz born June 28, 1891, Boyertown, Pa., U.S. died July 14, 1974, Washington, D.C. U.S. air force officer. He flew as a combat pilot during World War I. During World War II he commanded the U.S. Strategic Air Forces in Europe… …   Universalium

  • Spaatz, Carl (Andrews) — llamado Tooey Spaatz (28 jun. 1891, Boyertown, Pa., EE.UU.–14 jul. 1974, Washington, D.C.). Oficial de aviación estadounidense. Fue piloto de combate durante la primera guerra mundial. En la segunda guerra mundial estuvo al mando de las Fuerzas… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Spaatz, Carl — ► (1891 1974) Militar estadounidense. Fue el organizador de las fuerzas aéreas de su país y participó en la Primera Guerra Mundial …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Spaatz — Spaatz, Carl …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Carl Spaatz — Carl A. Spaatz Carl Spaatz Carl Andrew Spaatz (28 juin 1891 14 juillet 1974) est un général américain qui s est rendu célèbre lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De son vrai nom Carl Andrew Spatz, il rajoute un second a à son nom de famille à la… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Carl A. Spaatz — Carl Spaatz Carl Andrew Spaatz (28 juin 1891 14 juillet 1974) est un général américain qui s est rendu célèbre lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De son vrai nom Carl Andrew Spatz, il rajoute un second a à son nom de famille à la demande de sa… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Carl Andrew Spaatz — Carl Spaatz Carl Andrew „Tooey“ Spaatz (* 28. Juni 1891 in Boyertown, Berks County, Pennsylvania; † 14. Juli 1974) war ein General der US Air Force und von 1947 bis 1948 deren erster Chief of Staff. Er diente während des Zweiten Weltk …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Carl Spaatz — Carl Andrew „Tooey“ Spaatz (* 28. Juni 1891 in Boyertown, Berks County, Pennsylvania; † 14. Juli 1974) war ein General der US Air Force und von 1947 bis 1948 deren erster Chief of Staff. Er diente während des Zweiten Weltk …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Carl A. Spaatz — Carl Spaatz Carl Andrew „Tooey“ Spaatz (* 28. Juni 1891 in Boyertown, Berks County, Pennsylvania; † 14. Juli 1974) war ein General der US Air Force und von 1947 bis 1948 deren erster Chief of Staff. Er diente während des Zweiten Weltkrieges u. a …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Carl Andrew Spatz — Carl Spaatz Carl Andrew „Tooey“ Spaatz (* 28. Juni 1891 in Boyertown, Berks County, Pennsylvania; † 14. Juli 1974) war ein General der US Air Force und von 1947 bis 1948 deren erster Chief of Staff. Er diente während des Zweiten Weltk …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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