Samuel, Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount
- Samuel, Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount
-
▪ British statesman and philosopher
born Nov. 6, 1870, Liverpool
died Feb. 5, 1963, London
British statesman and philosopher, one of the first Jewish members of the British cabinet (as chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1909–10). He was perhaps most important as first British high commissioner for Palestine (1920–25), carrying out that delicate assignment with varying but considerable success.
Samuel was a social worker in the Whitechapel slum district of East London when elected to the House of Commons as a Liberal in 1902. As parliamentary undersecretary to the Home Office (1905–09), he was responsible for legislation (1908) that established juvenile courts and the “Borstal” system of detention and training for youthful offenders. Twice postmaster general (1910–14, 1915–16), he recognized the postal trade unions and nationalized the telephone services. In January 1916 he became home secretary in Herbert H. Asquith's coalition ministry, but he resigned in December when David Lloyd George formed his coalition government.
Although his five-year administration in Palestine was occasionally disturbed by turmoil brought about by both Jewish and Arab nationalist dissension, Samuel greatly improved the economy of the region and strove for harmony among the religious communities. Returning to Great Britain, he presided (1925–26) over the royal commission on the coal industry and helped to settle the general strike of May 1926. Reentering the House of Commons in 1929, he joined Ramsay MacDonald's national coalition government in 1931 as home secretary, but, as a confirmed free trader, he resigned in September 1932 in protest against import tariffs. He was leader of the Liberal Party from 1931 to 1935, but his actions widened the division within the Liberal Party, which ceased to be an important factor in national elections. Created viscount in 1937, he led the Liberals in the House of Lords (1944–55).
As president (1931–59) of the British (later Royal) Institute of Philosophy, Samuel interpreted philosophy to the public in such books as Practical Ethics (1935) and Belief and Action (1937; new ed. 1953).
Additional Reading
John Edward Bowle, Viscount Samuel (1957).
* * *
Universalium.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel — Infobox Officeholder honorific prefix = The Right Honourable name =Herbert Louis Samuel honorific suffix = 1st Viscount Samuel, GCB, OM, GBE, PC imagesize = 140px order =Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster term start =25 June, 1909 term end =14… … Wikipedia
Samuel (of Mount Carmel and of Toxeth), Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount — born Nov. 6, 1870, Liverpool, Eng. died Feb. 5, 1963, London British politician. A social worker in the London slums, he entered the House of Commons in 1902, where he effected legislation that established juvenile courts and the Borstal system… … Universalium
Viscount Samuel — Viscount Samuel, of Mount Carmel and Toxteth in the City of Liverpool, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1937 for the Liberal politician and former High Commissioner of the British Mandate of Palestine Herbert… … Wikipedia
Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling — (December 21 1832 January 12 1911) was a British Jewish banker, Liberal politician and philanthropist. He founded the bank of Samuel Montagu Co. in 1853.Born Montagu Samuel, he was the second son of Louis Samuel of Hunter Street, Brunswick Square … Wikipedia
viscount — /vuy kownt /, n. 1. a nobleman next below an earl or count and next above a baron. 2. Hist. a deputy of a count or earl. 3. (in England) a sheriff. [1350 1400; ME viscounte < AF; OF visconte (F vicomte), equiv. to vis VICE3 + counte COUNT2, trans … Universalium
Samuel Baronets — The have been three Baronetcies created for people with the surname Samuel, all in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Two of the titles are still extant.The Samuel Baronetcy, of Nevern Square, St Mary Abbots, Kensington, in the County of London,… … Wikipedia
Herbert — /herr beuhrt/, n. 1. Frank, 1920 86, U.S. science fiction writer. 2. George, 1593 1633, English clergyman and poet. 3. Victor, 1859 1924, U.S. composer and orchestra conductor, born in Ireland. 4. a male given name: from Old English words meaning … Universalium
louis — /looh ee/; Fr. /lwee/, n., pl. louis /looh eez/; Fr. /lwee/. See louis d or. [1680 90] * * * (as used in expressions) Henry Louis Aaron Agassiz Jean Louis Rodolphe Aragon Louis Louis Andrieux Armstrong Louis Barrault Jean Louis Barthou Jean Louis … Universalium
Louis — /looh is/ or, for 2, /looh ee/, n. 1. Joe (Joseph Louis Barrow), 1914 81, U.S. boxer: world heavyweight champion 1937 49. 2. a male given name: from a Germanic word meaning loud battle. * * * (as used in expressions) Henry Louis Aaron Agassiz… … Universalium
Samuel — /sam yooh euhl/, n. 1. a judge and prophet of Israel. I Sam. 1 3; 8 15. 2. either of two books of the Bible bearing his name. Abbr.: I Sam., II Sam. 3. a male given name: from a Hebrew word meaning name of God. * * * I (с 11th century BC) Old… … Universalium
