Rabi, Isidor Isaac

Rabi, Isidor Isaac

▪ American physicist
born July 29, 1898, Rymanów, Austria-Hungary [now in Poland]
died Jan. 11, l988, New York, N.Y., U.S.
 American physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1944 for his invention (in 1937) of the atomic and molecular beam magnetic resonance method of observing atomic spectra.

      Rabi's parents settled in New York City in 1899. After earning a bachelor's degree in chemistry at Cornell University in 1919, Rabi switched to physics and received his Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1927. He did postgraduate work in Europe and then joined the faculty of Columbia University in 1929, becoming professor of physics in 1937. From 1940 to 1945 Rabi was a leader of the group of scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, who helped in the development of radar. He was a member of the General Advisory Committee of the Atomic Energy Commission from 1946 to 1956 and succeeded J. Robert Oppenheimer as its chairman from 1952 to 1956. He originated the concept of the CERN international laboratory for high-energy physics in Geneva, Switz., and he was one of the founders of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. He also built up one of the world's finest physics departments at Columbia University, one which was to produce several Nobel Prize–winning physicists.

      Rabi's most important scientific work was his development (in the 1930s) of a method for measuring the magnetic properties of atoms, atomic nuclei, and molecules. The method is based on measuring the spin of the protons in the atom's core, a phenomenon known as nuclear magnetic moments. With the application of his magnetic resonance method, several mechanical and magnetic properties, as well as the shape, of an atomic nucleus can be deduced. The precise measurements yielded by this method made possible such subsequent applications as the atomic clock, the maser, and the laser, as well as the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging used in diagnostic medicine. Rabi's method provided the central technique for virtually all molecular and atomic beam experimentation.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • RABI, ISIDOR ISAAC — (1898–1988), U.S. physicist and Nobel Prize winner. Rabi was born at Rymanow, Austro Hungary, and taken to the United States when he was a year old. He became a tutor in physics at City College, New York, and won fellowships to various European… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Rabi,Isidor Isaac — Ra·bi (räʹbē), Isidor Isaac. 1898 1988. Austrian born American physicist. He won a 1944 Nobel Prize for his study of magnetic movement of atomic particles. * * * …   Universalium

  • Rabi , Isidor Isaac — (1898–1988) Austrian–American physicist Rabi and his parents emigrated to America from Rymanow in Poland, where he was born, while he was still young. He subsequently grew up in a Yiddish speaking community in New York, where his father ran a… …   Scientists

  • Rabi, Isidor Isaac — (1898–1988)    US physicist and Nobel laureate, 1944. Rabi, a professor at Columbia University, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in measuring the magnetic properties of atoms and molecules, using the molecular beam method.… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Rabí, Isidor Isaac — ► (1898 1988) Físico estadounidense de origen austríaco. Fue premio Nobel de Física en 1944 por la determinación de propiedades magnéticas nucleares, utilizando el método de resonancia magné tica …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Isidor Isaac Rabi — Isidor Isaac Rabi. Isidor Isaac Rabi (Rymanów, 1898 Nueva York, 1988). Físico estadounidense de origen austríaco. Recibió el Premio Nobel de Física en 1944. Biografía Nace el 29 de julio de 1898 en Rymanów (Polonia), que entonces formaba parte… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Isidor Isaac Rabi — Isidor Rabi Isidor Isaac Rabi (29 juillet 1898 à Rymanów, Autriche Hongrie 11 janvier 1988 à New York} est un physicien américain d origine austro hongroise. Il est lauréat du prix Nobel de physi …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Isidor Isaac Rabi — (1944) Isidor Isaac Rabi (* 29. Juli 1898 in Rymanów, Galizien, Österreich Ungarn; † 11. Januar 1988 in New York) war ein US amerikanischer Physiker …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Isidor Isaac Rabi — (Rymanów, 1898 Nueva York, 1988). Físico estadounidense de origen austríaco. Recibió el Premio Nobel de Física en 1944. Nace el 29 de julio de 1898 en Rymanów (Polonia), que entonces formaba parte del Imperio Austro Húngaro. Un año después sus… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Isidor Isaac Rabi — Infobox Scientist name = Isidor Rabi imagesize = 180px caption = Isidor Isaac Rabi birth date = birth date|1898|7|29|df=y birth place = Rymanów, Galicia, Austria Hungary nationality = United States death date = death date and… …   Wikipedia

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