Öljeitü

Öljeitü

▪ Il-Khanid ruler of Iran
Muslim name  Moḥammad Khudābanda  
born 1280
died Dec. 16, 1316, Solṭānīyeh, near Kazvin, Iran

      eighth Il-Khan ruler of Iran, during whose reign the Shīʿite branch of Islām was first proclaimed the state religion of Iran.

      A great-grandson of Hülegü, founder of the Il-Khan dynasty, Öljeitü was baptized a Christian and given the name Nicholas by his mother. As a youth he converted to Buddhism and later to the Sunnite branch of Islām, taking the name Moḥammad Khudābanda. After the death (1304) of his brother Maḥmūd Ghāzān, the seventh Il-Khan, he disposed of his rivals easily and acceded to a relatively peaceful reign. In 1307 the Caspian province of Jilan was conquered, strengthening Il-Khan rule, and a potentially dangerous rebellion was crushed in Herāt (now in Afghanistan). The traditional hostility between the Il-Khans and the Mamlūks of Syria and Egypt persisted, however, and a badly organized invasion of Mamlūk territory took place in 1312. The expedition had to be abandoned after expected help from European princes failed to materialize.

      Öljeitü changed his religious affiliations several times. His conversion to Sunnite Islām is attributed to one of his wives. During the winter of 1307–08 there ensued a bitter religious feud between the adherents of the Ḥanafī and Shafīʿī schools of Sunnite Islāmic law, so disgusting Öljeitü that he considered converting back to Buddhism, a course that proved politically impossible. Greatly influenced by the Shīʿite theologian Ibn al-Muṭahhar al-Hillī, he came to embrace the religion; and on his return from a visit to the tomb of ʿAlī in Iraq (1309–10), he proclaimed Shīʿite Islām to be the state religion of Iran.

      An active patron of the arts, Öljeitü built a new capital at Soltānīyeh that required the efforts of many artists, who made it a masterpiece of Il-Khanid architecture. He lent vital encouragement and support to Rashīd ad-Dīn's (Rashīd ad-Dīn) monumental world history and to the endeavours of Iranian poets.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Öljeitu — oder Öldscheitü (persisch ‏اولجایتو‎‎; * 1280; † 16. Dezember 1316 in Soltanije), auch bekannt als Muhammad Chodabande (persisch ‏محمد خدابنده‎, Muhammad „der Mann Gottes“), war ein ilchanidischer Herrscher von 1304 bis 1316. Als Sohn… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Öljeitü — El mausoleo de Öljeitü en Soltaniyeh. Öljeitü, también conocido como Muhammad Khodabandeh, (1280 16 de diciembre de 1316) fue el octavo kan mongol de Persia. Durante su gobierno, de 1304 a 1316, se proclamó la rama chiita del islam como la… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Öljaitü — Not to be confused with Mohammed Khodabanda (Safavid Dynasty). Öljaitü and ambassadors from the Yuan Dynasty, 1438, Majma al Tavarikh Öljeitü, Oljeitu, Olcayto or Uljeitu, Öljaitu, Ölziit (Mongolian: Өлзийт Хаан) also known as Muhammad… …   Wikipedia

  • Temür Khan, Emperor Chengzong of Yuan — This article is about Mongol Emperor in the 13th century. For Khan of Northern Yuan in the early 15th century, see Öljei Temür Khan. Öljeytü Temur Khan Emperor Chengzong of Yuan 元成宗 Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty Khagan of the Mongols Emperor of… …   Wikipedia

  • Franco-Mongol alliance — 1305 letter (a roll measuring 302 by 50 centimetres (9.91 by 1.6 ft)) from the Ilkhan Mongol Öljaitü to King Philip IV of France, suggesting military collaboration …   Wikipedia

  • Ghazan — Khan Ghazan (center) was born and raised as a Christian, studied Buddhism, and converted to Islam upon accession to the throne …   Wikipedia

  • Chupan — Amir Chupan, also known as Choban or Coban (امیر چوپان سلدوز), (d. November 1327), was a Chupanid noble of the Ilkhanate, and nominal general of the Mongol Empire. His father was named Malek of Mongol Suldus clan. His ancestor was Chilaun… …   Wikipedia

  • Chupan — Amir Chupan auch bekannt als Choban oder Coban (‏امیر چوپان سلدوز‎;‎ † November 1237 in Herat) war ein chupanidischer Fürst der Ilchane und der Namensgeber der Chupanidendynastie. Sein Vater war Malek vom mongolischen Clan der Sulduz. Sein… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Mahmud Ghazan — Infobox Monarch name =Ghazan title =Khan caption =Ghazan (center) was raised as a Buddhist but converted to Islam upon accession to the throne. reign =1295 1304 coronation = othertitles = full name = predecessor =Baydu successor =Öljeitü suc type …   Wikipedia

  • Amir Chupan — auch bekannt als Choban oder Coban (‏امیر چوپان سلدوز‎) († November 1327 in Herat) war ein chupanidischer Fürst der Ilchane und der Namensgeber der Chupanidendynastie. Sein Vater war Malek vom mongolischen Clan der Sulduz. Sein Vorfahre Chilaun… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”