Najibullah, Mohammad

Najibullah, Mohammad

▪ president of Afghanistan
born 1947, Gardīz, Afghanistan
died September 27, 1996, Kabul

      Afghan military official who was president of Afghanistan from 1986 to 1992.

      The son of a prominent Pashtun family, Najibullah began studying medicine at Kabul University in 1964 and received his degree in 1975, but he never practiced medicine. He joined the Banner (“Parcham”) faction of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) in 1965, and he was twice imprisoned for political activities. In 1978 the PDPA staged a successful coup, but the People's (“Khalq”) faction soon gained supremacy over the Banner faction. Najibullah was named ambassador to Iran in 1978 but was fired within months after being accused of plotting to overthrow the regime of Hafizullah Amin (Amin, Hafizullah). Najibullah went into exile in eastern Europe until the U.S.S.R. intervened in 1979 and supported a Parcham-dominated government. Najibullah was made head of the secret police and became known for his brutality and ruthlessness. His methods proved invaluable to the regime in view of escalating guerrilla warfare of the Muslim mujahideen, but as the war (Afghan War) grew in intensity, the Soviet Union withdrew. Najibullah, who replaced Babrak Karmal (Karmal, Babrak) as president in 1986, attempted to gain support by relaxing Karmal's strict control, but he was widely despised and was finally forced from office by the mujahideen rebels and mutinous groups within his own military in 1992. He took refuge in a United Nations compound, where he was sheltered for the next four years. Factional fighting continued, and when the Taliban militia took over the capital, Kabul, in 1996, they summarily executed Najibullah.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Mohammad Najibulá — محمد نجيب الله …   Wikipedia Español

  • Najibullah Zazi — Born August 10, 1985 (1985 08 10) (age 26) Paktia Province, Afghanistan Motive Martyrdom in Islam, Islamic terrorism Charge(s) i) conspiring to use weapons of mass destruction (explosive b …   Wikipedia

  • Mohammad Hasan Sharq — Prime Minister of Afghanistan In office 26 May 1988 – 21 February 1989 President Mohammad Najibullah Preceded by Sultan Ali …   Wikipedia

  • Mohammad Aslam Watanjar — محمد اسلم وطنجار General de Ejército Años de servicio 1965 – 1992 Lealtad …   Wikipedia Español

  • Mohammad Najibullah — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Mohammad Najibullah (Pashto: محمد نجيب الله; agosto de 1947 27 de septiembre de 1996), fue el cuarto y último presidente de la comunista República Democrática de Afganistán. También es considerado como el segundo… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Mohammad Nabi Azimi — Born Afghanistan Allegiance Parcham faction of People s Democratic Party of Afghanistan Rank General …   Wikipedia

  • Najibullah — (Arabic: نجیب اللہ ‎) is a male Muslim given name, composed of the elements Najib and Allah. It means distinguished (servant) of God. It may refer to: People Mohammad Najibullah (1947–1996), President of Afghanistan Najeebullah Anjum (born 1955) …   Wikipedia

  • Mohammad Mosaddegh — محمد مصدق 60th 62nd Prime Minister of Iran In office 28 April 1951 – 16 July 1952 Monarch Mohammad Reza Pahlavi …   Wikipedia

  • Mohammad Aslam Watanjar — (1946–2000) was an Afghan General and Politician. ] He started the Saur Revolution . Watanjar later became a member of the politburo in the Soviet backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, playing prominent roles in the communist coup as well as …   Wikipedia

  • Mohammad Hasan Sharq — (* 1925) ist ein afghanischer Politiker (parteilos). Leben 1971 sollten Vertreter des Prinzen Daouds und 2 Parcham Offiziere übereingekommen sein, einen Armee Coup unter direkter Supervision Sowjetischer Militärberater durchzuführen. Ab 1973 bis… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”