López Rega, José

▪ Argentine leader

born Oct. 17, 1916

died June 9, 1989, Buenos Aires

      Argentine politician and political confidante who was virtual prime minister during the regime of President Isabel Martínez de Perón (Perón, Isabel).

      A retired police corporal and longtime right-wing Peronista leader, López Rega acted as private secretary to Juan Perón (Perón, Juan) during the latter's exile in Spain. López Rega returned to Argentina with Perón in 1973. When Perón was again elected president (1973), his faithful secretary was appointed minister of social welfare and police commissioner, both positions giving him broad powers. López Rega engineered the nomination of Perón's third wife, Isabel, as vice president, and, when she became president in 1974 upon the death of her husband, he was given even more power, including the coordination of all the secretariats within the presidency. An astrologist who reportedly exercised a Rasputin-like authority over Perón's widow, López Rega loaded the cabinet with his political allies in September 1974 and instituted an unpopular program of fiscal conservatism. By the spring of 1975 inflation had soared because his protégé, economy minister Celestino Rodrigo, had devalued the peso by 50 percent and decontrolled prices. Under constant attack by leftist Peronistas who denounced him as a fascist and counterrevolutionary, López Rega was accused by Peronista congressional deputies in July 1975 of being the instigator of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance, one of the first right-wing death squads to be formed in Argentina in the 1970s. On July 11 he resigned and left for Spain after having been hurriedly designated ambassador extraordinary by Isabel Perón. At year's end, under pressure from the military, President Perón stripped him of this position. López Rega spent the next 10 years in hiding. In 1986 he was arrested in the United States and extradited to Argentina, where he died while awaiting trial.

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