Handl, Jacob

▪ German-Austrian composer

also called  Jacobus Gallus  or  Jacobus Handelius 

born 1550, Reifnitz, Carniola [now Ribnica, Slovenia]

died July 18, 1591, Prague, Bohemia [now in Czech Republic]

      German-Austrian composer known for his sacred music.

      A Cistercian monk, Handl traveled in Bohemia, Moravia (now part of the Czech Republic), and Silesia (now southwestern Poland), was a member of the Viennese court chapel in 1574, and was choirmaster to the bishop of Olmütz (modern Olomouc, Czech Republic) in 1579–85. His most notable work is the Opus musicum (1590), a collection of motets (motet) for the entire year. His wide-ranging, eclectic style blends archaism and modernity. He rarely used cantus firmus, preferring the then new Venetian polychoral manner, yet he was equally conversant with earlier imitative techniques. Some of his chromatic transitions foreshadowed the breakup of modality; his five-voice motet Mirabile mysterium contains chromaticism worthy of Don Carlo Gesualdo (Gesualdo, Don Carlo, principe di Venosa). He enjoyed word painting in the style of the madrigal, yet he could write the simple Ecce quomodo moritur justus later used by George Frideric Handel (Handel, George Frideric) in his funeral anthem The Ways of Zion Do Mourn (1737).

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