Franzen, Jonathan

▪ American author

born Aug. 17, 1959, Western Springs, Ill., U.S.

      American novelist and essayist whose sprawling, multilayered novels about contemporary America elicited critical acclaim.

      Franzen grew up in Webster Groves, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis, and later attended Swarthmore College in Swarthmore, Pa. After earning a B.A. in 1981, he attended Berlin's Freie Universität as a Fulbright fellow. Upon his return to the United States he began his first novel, writing for eight hours each day. To earn money he worked weekends as a research assistant at Harvard University tracking earthquake activity around the world.

      Franzen based his debut novel, The Twenty-seventh City (1988), in a fictional St. Louis. It envisions a dystopic city, primarily populated by Asian immigrants, where police use violence to intimidate political opponents of the power-hungry police chief. Franzen's second novel, Strong Motion (1992), draws on the author's experience working in the field of seismology. Set in Boston, it tells of a Harvard seismologist who discovers a link between unexplained earthquakes and the disposal of chemical waste.

      Franzen worked for eight years on his next novel, The Corrections (2001), which focuses on a family of five whose members endure unsuccessful marriages, strained familial relationships, and failed careers. The novel received extensive critical praise, winning a National Book Award (National Book Awards) in 2001. That same year the novel was at the centre of a dispute between American television talk-show host Oprah Winfrey (Winfrey, Oprah), who selected it for her widely popular book club, and Franzen, who dismissed her previous selections as unsophisticated.

      Following the deaths of his parents and the dissolution of his marriage, Franzen contributed a series of essays to The New Yorker magazine that were later compiled into his fourth book, How to Be Alone (2002). The volume's 13 essays cover topics as varied as dealing with his father's Alzheimer disease and his thoughts on conformity and privacy. Franzen published a memoir, The Discomfort Zone, in 2006 and a translation of German dramatist Frank Wedekind (Wedekind, Frank)'s play Spring Awakening in 2007.

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