Dardic languages

Dardic languages
also called  Dard, Pisaca, or Pisacha Languages,  

      group of closely related Indo-Iranian languages spoken in Pakistan, Kashmir, and Afghanistan. They are often divided into three subgroups: Kafiri, or Western; Khowari, or Central (spoken in the Chitrāl district of northwestern Pakistan); and the Eastern group, which includes Shina and Kashmiri (Kashmiri language). (Some scholars use the term Dardic to refer only to the Eastern subgroup of languages and use the name Pisaca to refer to the group as a whole.)

      The exact position of the Dardic languages within the Indo-Iranian language family has been a matter of dispute among scholars. Some scholars believe the languages to stem from an undifferentiated stage of Indo-Iranian; others believe the Eastern and Khowari groups to be Indo-Aryan, with the Kafiri subgroup being separate.

      Kashmiri is the only Dardic language that has been used extensively for literary purposes. Except for Shina, the languages of the Eastern subgroup have been radically changed by the influence of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken farther south. The Dardic languages differ from the other Indo-Iranian languages in their sound systems and in the preservation of a number of words lost in India and Iran after the time of Vedic Sanskrit.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Dardic languages — Dardic Geographic distribution: eastern Afghanistan, Kashmir Linguistic classification: Indo European Indo Iranian Indo Aryan Dardic …   Wikipedia

  • Languages of Pakistan — Languages of country = Pakistan official = Urdu; English main = Balochi; Pashto; Punjabi; Sindhi regional = Kashmiri; Potwari; Siraiki indigenous = Balti; Brahui; Hindko; Jhangochi minority = Burushaski; Kalash; Khowar; Shina immigrant = Arabic;… …   Wikipedia

  • Dardic — may refer to: Dardic people Dardic languages This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article …   Wikipedia

  • Languages of India — Indian languages redirects here. For languages of Americans, see Indigenous languages of the Americas. Languages of India Official language(s) Standard Hindi written in the Devanāgarī script (the Indian Constitution recognises English as a… …   Wikipedia

  • Languages of Chitral — Languages spoken in Pakistan Chitral is the northernmost district in Pakistan s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is a former Princely State. Despite being in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chitral is not a Pashtun area. Chitral shares much of its history and… …   Wikipedia

  • Dardic — [där′dik] n. a group of Indo European languages spoken in NE Afghanistan, NW Pakistan, and Kashmir: also Dard [därd] * * * Dar·dic (därʹdĭk) n. Variant of Dard. * * * …   Universalium

  • Dardic — [där′dik] n. a group of Indo European languages spoken in NE Afghanistan, NW Pakistan, and Kashmir: also Dard [därd] …   English World dictionary

  • Languages with official status in India — The official language of the Indian Union is Hindi with English as an additional language for official work;[1] states in India can legislate their own official languages.[1] Neither the Constitution of India, nor any Indian law defines any… …   Wikipedia

  • Dardic — noun any of a group of Indic languages spoken in Kashmir and eastern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan • Syn: ↑Dard, ↑Dardic language • Hypernyms: ↑Indic, ↑Indo Aryan • Hyponyms: ↑Shina, ↑Khowar, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • Dardic language — noun any of a group of Indic languages spoken in Kashmir and eastern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan • Syn: ↑Dard, ↑Dardic • Hypernyms: ↑Indic, ↑Indo Aryan • Hyponyms: ↑Shina, ↑Khowar, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”