Borodin, Aleksandr

Borodin, Aleksandr

▪ Russian composer and scientist
in full  Aleksandr Porfiryevich Borodin 
born Oct. 31 [Nov. 12, New Style], 1833, St. Petersburg, Russia
died Feb. 15 [Feb. 27], 1887, St. Petersburg
 major Russian nationalist composer of the 19th century. He was also a scientist notable for his research on aldehydes.

      Borodin's father was a Georgian prince and his mother an army doctor's wife, and he was reared in comfortable circumstances. His gift for languages and music was evident early on, and as a schoolboy he learned to play the piano, flute, and cello and to compose music. From 1850 to 1856 he studied at the Medico-Surgical Academy, specializing in chemistry, and received a doctorate in 1858. From 1859 to 1862 he studied in western Europe. On his return to Russia he became adjunct professor of chemistry at the Medico-Surgical Academy and full professor in 1864. From this period dates his first major work, the Symphony No. 1 in E-flat Major (1862–67), written as a result of his acquaintance with Mily Balakirev (Balakirev, Mily), of whose circle (The Five (Five, The)) he was a member, along with Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, Modest Mussorgsky, and César Cui. Borodin began his Symphony No. 2 in B Minor in 1869, when he also began work on his operatic masterpiece, Prince Igor (completed posthumously by Rimsky-Korsakov and Aleksandr Glazunov (Glazunov, Aleksandr)). Act II of Prince Igor contains the often-played “Polovtsian Dances.” He also found time to write two string quartets, a dozen remarkable songs, the unfinished Symphony No. 3 in A Minor, and his tone poem In the Steppes of Central Asia.

      Borodin's musical work was never more than relaxation from his scientific work. In addition to his research and teaching, he helped found medical courses for women in 1872. In the 1880s pressures of work and ill health left him little time for composition. He died suddenly while at a ball.

      Borodin's compositions place him in the front rank of Russian composers. He had a strong lyric vein but also was noted for his handling of heroic subjects. He had an unusually fine rhythmic sense and excelled in the use of orchestral colour and in the evocation of distant places. In his symphonies and string quartets—among the finest of the Romantic era—he developed a formal structure in which the musical material of a movement was derived from a single initial motif. His melodies reflect the character of Russian folk melodies, and like other composers of the Russian national school he used striking harmonies unconventional in western European music.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Borodin,Aleksandr Porfirevich — Bo·ro·din (bôrʹə dēn , bärʹ , bə rə dēnʹ), Aleksandr Porfirevich. 1833 1887. Russian composer and chemist whose musical works were based on Russian folk themes and include the opera Prince Igor, unfinished at his death. * * * …   Universalium

  • Borodin, Aleksandr (Porfiryevich) — born Nov. 12, 1833, St. Petersburg, Russia died Feb. 27, 1887, St. Petersburg Russian composer. From 1862 he took lessons from Mily Balakirev; fired by nationalist sentiment, the two men became the core of the group of Russian composers known as… …   Universalium

  • Borodin, Aleksandr Porfirëvič — ► (1833 87) Compositor ruso, componente del grupo de los cinco. Compuso una ópera, El príncipe Igor (1869 87), que incluye las famosas Danzas Polovtsianas. Compuso tres sinfonías, música para piano y el poema sinfónico En las estepas del Asia… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Aleksandr Borodín — Aleksandr Porfírievich Borodín Александр Порфирьевич Бородин Nacimiento …   Wikipedia Español

  • Borodin — (izg. bȍrodin), Aleksandr Porfirevič (1833 1887) DEFINICIJA ruski skladatelj (opera Knez Igor) i kemičar poznat po istraživanjima aldehida …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Borodin — Borodin, Aleksandr Porfirëvič …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Aleksandr — (as used in expressions) Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandr Nikolayevich Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Blok Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Borodin Aleksandr Porfiryevich Glazunov Aleksandr Konstantinovich Gorchakov Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prince Gorsky Aleksandr… …   Universalium

  • Aleksandr Borodin — noun Russian composer (1833 1887) • Syn: ↑Borodin, ↑Aleksandr Porfirevich Borodin • Instance Hypernyms: ↑composer …   Useful english dictionary

  • Aleksandr Porfirevich Borodin — noun Russian composer (1833 1887) • Syn: ↑Borodin, ↑Aleksandr Borodin • Instance Hypernyms: ↑composer …   Useful english dictionary

  • Borodin — noun Russian composer (1833 1887) • Syn: ↑Aleksandr Borodin, ↑Aleksandr Porfirevich Borodin • Instance Hypernyms: ↑composer …   Useful english dictionary

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