Adret, Solomon ben Abraham
- Adret, Solomon ben Abraham
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▪ Spanish rabbi
Hebrew Rabbi Shlomo Ben Abraham Adret, acronym Rashba
born 1235, Barcelona, Spain
died 1310, Barcelona
outstanding spiritual leader of Spanish Jewry of his time (known as El Rab de España [the Rabbi of Spain]); he is remembered partly for his controversial decree of 1305 threatening to excommunicate all Jews less than 25 years old (except medical students) who studied philosophy or science.
As a leading scholar of the Talmud, the rabbinical compendium of law, lore, and commentary, Adret received inquiries on Jewish law from all over Europe, and more than 3,000 of his responsa (replies) still remain. Besides providing cultural data on Adret's time, his responsa strongly influenced the later development of authoritative codes of Jewish law, such as the
Shulḥan ʿarukh (“The Well-Laid Table”) of the codifier Joseph Karo (1488–1575). Adret's many other writings include commentaries on the Talmud and polemics defending it against attacks by non-Jews.
Late in life, Adret became embroiled in a quarrel between the followers of the medieval Jewish philosopher Maimonides (
Maimonides, Moses) and the members of a conservative, antirationalist movement led by a zealot known as
Astruc of Lunel, who believed that the followers of Maimonides were undermining the Jewish faith by, for example, interpreting the Bible allegorically. It was Astruc who induced Adret to issue his famous decree against the study of philosophy and science. Although the ban itself did not bring about an end to such studies, it precipitated among Jews in Spain and southern France a bitter controversy that continued during Adret's last years.
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Universalium.
2010.
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ADRET, SOLOMON BEN ABRAHAM — (known from his initials as RaShBa, Rav Shlomo Ben Abraham; c. 1235–c. 1310), Spanish rabbi and one of the foremost Jewish scholars of his time, whose influence has remained to this day. Adret belonged to a well to do family of Barcelona where he … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Adret, Solomon ben-Abraham (Rashba) — (c. 1235–1310) Spanish rabbi and scholar. Adret studied under Rabbi Moses NAHMANIDES, and after some years of business activity was appointed rabbi of his native city, Barcelona, a post he held for forty years. He was known as Rashba from the… … Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament
Solomon ben Adret — Salomon ben Aderet Rabbi Chelomo ben Aderet (1235 1310), plus connu sous son acronyme Rachba, fut rabbin, légaliste, banquier et talmudiste fort renommé. Il est né à Barcelone en 1235, et eut pour maître le Ramban et Rabbenou Yona, avant de… … Wikipédia en Français
Solomon ben Aderet — Salomo ben Abraham Adret, auch Aderet, nach seinen Initialen auch Raschba genannt (* 1235 in Barcelona; gest. 1310 in Barcelona) war ein spanischer Rabbiner und einer der bedeutendsten jüdischen Gelehrten seiner Zeit. Leben und Werk Sein… … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Adret(Abraham), Solomon ben (Adret, Solomon Ibn; Rashba) — (1235 1310) Spanish scholar. He studied under Nahmanides and was later the leader of Spanish Jewry. His legal decisions were viewed as authoritative because of his stature as a scholar; they constitute a primary source of information about the … Dictionary of Jewish Biography
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JEDAIAH BEN ABRAHAM BEDERSI — (Ha Penini; probably born in the 1280s and died about 1340), poet and philosopher. Possibly a native of Béziers, Jedaiah is known to have spent time in Perpignan and Montpellier. Little is known of his personal history. He may have been a… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
