Nyerere, Julius Kambarage

Nyerere, Julius Kambarage
▪ 2000

      Tanzanian politician (b. April 13, 1922, Butiama, Tanganyika—d. Oct. 14, 1999, London, Eng.), as chief minister (later prime minister) of self-governing Tanganyika (from 1960) and the first president of Tanzania (1964–85), was admired for his integrity and steadfast principles, but his socialist policies failed to achieve economic development for his country. The son of a chief, Nyerere's educational talent was recognized early; he attended Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, and the University of Edinburgh, becoming one of the first Tanganyikans to receive a university degree outside of Africa. He began his career as a teacher, but his involvement in the independence movement and his oratory powers led him to found the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) in 1954. After TANU won 70 of 71 seats on the Tanganyikan Legislative Council, Nyerere negotiated a peaceful transition to full independence (1961). He was elected president of the independent state in 1962, and subsequently orchestrated the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar to form Tanzania (1964). Once in the presidency, Nyerere established a one-party state. In his 1967 Arusha Declaration he implemented a policy of nationalization, forced collectivization, and villagization called ujamaa (Swahili: “familyhood”). Although there was much criticism of his policies, which left his country dependent on international aid, they did create a high literacy rate, unite Tanzanians across ethnic lines, and leave the country relatively untouched by the tensions that troubled other parts of Africa. In 1985 Nyerere voluntarily stepped down from the presidency, one of the few African leaders to do so. In his last years the man his people called Mwalimu (“teacher”) built on the diplomatic techniques he had developed as a founder and former chairman (1984) of the Organization of African Unity. Most recently he had mediated talks aimed at ending the conflict in Burundi.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Nyerere,Julius Kambarage — Nye·re·re (nyĕ rĕʹrĕ), Julius Kambarage. 1921 1999. Tanzanian politician who led his country to independence from Britain and served as its first president (1962 1985). During his presidency, he successfully promoted East African unity. * * * …   Universalium

  • Nyerere, Julius (Kambarage) — (mar. 1922, Butíama, Tanganyika–14 oct. 1999, Londres, Inglaterra). Primero en ocupar el cargo de primer ministro de Tanganyika independiente (1961) y primer presidente de Tanzania (1964–85); la principal influencia detrás de la Organización de… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Nyerere, Julius (Kambarage) — born March 1922, Butiama, Tanganyika died Oct. 14, 1999, London, Eng. First prime minister of independent Tanganyika (1961), first president of Tanzania (1964–85), and the major force behind the Organization of African Unity (OAU; now African… …   Universalium

  • Nyerere, Julius Kambarage — ► (1922 99) Político de Tanzania. En 1952 fundó y fue presidente del partido TANU (Tanganyka African National Union). Al conseguir Tanganica la independencia, fue elegido primer presidente de la República en 1962 64. Cuando se constituyó el nuevo …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Nyerere, Julius (Kambarage) —  (1922–1999) President of Tanganyika and (after its union with Zanzibar) of Tanzania (1961–1985) …   Bryson’s dictionary for writers and editors

  • Julius Kambarage Nyerere — Julius Nyerere 1977 Julius Kambarage Nyerere (* 13. April 1922 in Butiama (nahe dem Ostufer des Victoriasees); † 14. Oktober 1999 in London) war ein tansanischer Politiker. Er wurde als Sohn eines Oberhaupts der Zanaki, eines kleinen Volks in der …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Julius Kambarage Nyerere — Julius Nyerere Julius Nyerere, le 4 août 1977. Julius Kambarage Nyerere (né le 13 avril 1922 à Butiama et décédé le 14 octobre 1999 à Londres) est un homme politique tanzanien. Il fut Premier ministre de la Tanzanie de 1960 à… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Nyerere, Julius — ▪ president of Tanzania in full  Julius Kambarage Nyerere , also called  Mwalimu (Swahili: “Teacher”)  born March 1922, Butiama, Tanganyika died October 14, 1999, London, England  first prime minister of independent Tanganyika (1961), who became… …   Universalium

  • Nyerere — Nyerere, Julius Kambarage …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Kambarage — Julius Nyerere 1977 Julius Kambarage Nyerere (* 13. April 1922 in Butiama (nahe dem Ostufer des Victoriasees); † 14. Oktober 1999 in London) war ein tansanischer Politiker. Er wurde als Sohn eines Oberhaupts der Zanaki, eines kleinen Volks in der …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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