Manley, Michael Norman

Manley, Michael Norman
▪ 1998

      Jamaican politician (b. Dec. 10, 1924, St. Andrew, Jam.—d. March 6, 1997, Kingston, Jam.), was a popular leader—nicknamed "Joshua" for the biblical prophet—who served three terms (1972-80 and 1989-92) as prime minister and was a powerful champion of Third World issues. Though he initially espoused hard-line socialism and defied U.S. policy, especially toward Cuba, in later years he embraced a capitalistic outlook and sought close relations with the U.S. Manley was the son of the noted sculptor Edna Swithenbank Manley and Norman Manley, a national hero, the founder of the People's National Party (PNP), and Jamaica's prime minister from 1959 to 1962. He was educated at Jamaica College and, following service in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II, at the London School of Economics, where he came under the influence of the socialist Harold Laski. After working as a freelance journalist in London, Manley returned (1951) to Jamaica and went to work for Public Opinion, a leftist weekly newspaper. He soon became active in the trade-union movement, attaining positions of union leadership and gaining recognition as a skilled negotiator. In 1962 he was appointed to Jamaica's Senate, and in 1967 he was elected to the House of Representatives. Two years later Manley succeeded his father as president of the PNP, and when the party won the election of 1972, he became prime minister. He set about instituting policies for redistributing wealth and became a champion of the less-developed nations' nonaligned movement. In 1973 he was one of the founders of the Caribbean Community and Common Market (Caricom), and he cultivated close relationships with Cuba and the socialist countries of Eastern Europe and the Far East. Though Manley was reelected in 1976, his policies eventually proved to be financially disastrous. Violence between the left and the right escalated, and he lost the 1980 election to the conservative Edward Seaga. In 1989, however, having adopted a more moderate outlook, Manley was returned to the prime ministership. Still claiming to be a socialist, he nonetheless pursued free-market policies and privatized many state-owned enterprises. In 1992 ill health forced Manley to resign from office.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Manley, Michael (Norman) — born Dec. 10, 1924, St. Andrew, Jam. died March 6, 1997, Kingston Jamaican political leader. Son of a prime minister of Jamaica and a sculptor, Manley was a leader of the People s National Party and the National Worker s Union before becoming… …   Universalium

  • Manley, Michael (Norman) — (10 dic. 1923, St. Andrew, Jamaica–6 mar.1997, Kingston). Líder político jamaicano. Escultor e hijo de un primer ministro de Jamaica, fue líder del Partido Nacional del Pueblo y de la Unión nacional de trabajadores antes de convertirse en primer… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Michael Norman Manley — Michael Manley während eines Besuchs in den USA 1977 Michael Norman Manley (* 10. Dezember 1924; † 6. März 1997) war von 1972 bis 1980 und nochmal von 1989 bis 1992 Premierminister Jamaikas. Während seiner ersten Amtszeit vollzog Jamaika einen… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Manley, Michael — ▪ prime minister of Jamaica in full  Michael Norman Manley  born December 10, 1924, St. Andrew, Jamaica died March 6, 1997, Kingston       Jamaican politician who served three terms as prime minister of Jamaica (1972–80 and 1989–92) and was a… …   Universalium

  • Norman — /nawr meuhn/, n. 1. a member of that branch of the Northmen or Scandinavians who in the 10th century conquered Normandy. 2. Also called Norman French. one of the mixed Scandinavian and French people who inhabited Normandy and conquered England in …   Universalium

  • Norman — (as used in expressions) Bethune, (Henry) Norman Borlaug, Norman (Ernest) Bowen, Norman L(evi) Steven Norman Carlton Chamberlain, Wilt(on Norman) Lear, Norman (Milton) Mailer, Norman Manley, Michael (Norman) Norman, Greg(ory John) Norman, Jessye… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Michael — /muy keuhl/, n. 1. a militant archangel. Dan. 10:13. 2. Rumanian, Mihai /mee huy /. born 1921, king of Rumania 1927 30, 1940 47 (son of Carol II). 3. (italics) a narrative poem (1800) by Wordsworth. 4. a male given name. * * * I In the Bible and… …   Universalium

  • Michael — (as used in expressions) Bennett, Michael Michael Bennett Difiglia Bishop, J(ohn) Michael Coetzee, J(ohn) M(ichael) Cohan, George M(ichael) Collins, Michael Curley, James Michael Curtiz, Michael DeBakey, Michael (Ellis) Douglas, Michael Dummett,… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Michael Manley — während eines Besuchs in den USA 1977 Michael Norman Manley, ON, OM (* 10. Dezember 1924 im Saint Andrew Parish, Jamaika; † 6. März 1997 in Kingston, Jamaika) war von 1972 bis 1980 und nochmal von 1989 bis 1992 Premierminister Jamaikas. Während… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Michael Manley — For other uses, see Mike Manley (disambiguation). The Most Honourable Michael Manley 4th Prime Minister of Jamaica In office …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”