Ångström, Anders Jonas

Ångström, Anders Jonas
born Aug. 13, 1814, Lögdö, Swed.
died June 21, 1874, Uppsala

Swedish physicist.

From 1839 he taught at the University of Uppsala. He devised a method of measuring thermal conductivity, showing it to be proportional to electrical conductivity, and deduced that an incandescent gas emits rays of the same refrangibility as those it can absorb. A founder of spectroscopy, he discovered that hydrogen is present in the Sun's atmosphere, published a map of the normal solar spectrum, and was the first to examine the spectrum of the aurora borealis and to detect and measure the characteristic bright line in its yellow-green region. The angstrom (10-10 m), a unit of length, was named in his honour.

* * *

▪ Swedish physicist

born Aug. 13, 1814, Lögdö, Swed.
died June 21, 1874, Uppsala
 Swedish physicist, a founder of spectroscopy for whom the angstrom, a unit of length equal to 10-10 metre, was named.

      Educated at the University of Uppsala, Ångström became privatdocent (lecturer) there in 1839 and succeeded to the chairmanship of the physics department in 1858. In 1843 he became observer at Uppsala Observatory.

      Ångström's most important work concerned heat conduction and spectroscopy. He devised a method of measuring thermal conductivity, showing it to be proportional to electrical conductivity. In 1853 he pointed out that the electric spark yields two superposed spectra, one from the metal of the electrode and the other from the gas through which it passes. From Euler's resonance theory Ångström deduced a principle of spectrum analysis: that an incandescent gas emits rays of the same refrangibility as those it can absorb.

      Ångström's studies of the solar spectrum led to his discovery, announced in 1862, that hydrogen is present in the Sun's atmosphere. In 1868 was published his great map of the normal solar spectrum, which long remained authoritative. He was the first, in 1867, to examine the spectrum of the Aurora Borealis and to detect and measure the characteristic bright line in its yellow-green region, but he was mistaken in supposing that this same line is also to be seen in the zodiacal light.

      Ångström's son Knut Johan Ångström was also a physicist who worked in spectroscopy and taught at the University of Uppsala.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Angström, Anders Jonas — ► (1814 74) Físico sueco. Creó la unidad de medida que lleva su nombre para las longitudes de onda de la luz, radiaciones ultravioleta y rayos X. * * * (13 ago. 1814, Lögdö, Suecia–21 jun. 1874, Uppsala). Físico sueco. Desde 1839 enseñó en la… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Ångström,Anders Jonas — Ång·ström (ăngʹstrəm, ôngʹstrœm), Anders Jonas. 1814 1874. Swedish physicist and astronomer who founded the science of spectroscopy and discovered by studying the solar spectrum that there is hydrogen in the sun s atmosphere. * * * …   Universalium

  • Ångstrom , Anders Jonas — (1814–1874) Swedish physicist and astronomer Ångstrom was born the son of a chaplain in Lögdö, Sweden. He studied and taught physics and astronomy at the University of Uppsala, where he obtained his doctorate (1839) and later became professor of… …   Scientists

  • Anders Jonas Ångström — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Anders Jonas Ångström Na …   Wikipedia Español

  • Anders Jonas Angstrom — Anders Jonas Ångström Pour les articles homonymes, voir Ångström (homonymie). Anders Jonas Ångström Anders Jonas Ångström …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Anders Jonas Angström — Anders Jonas Ångström Pour les articles homonymes, voir Ångström (homonymie). Anders Jonas Ångström Anders Jonas Ångström …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Anders Jonas Angström — Anders Jonas Ångström Anders Jonas Ångström [˘ɔŋstrœm] (* 13. August 1814 in Lögdö bruk, Gemeinde Timrå; † 21. Juni 1874 in Uppsala) war ein schwedischer Astronom und Physike …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Anders Jönas Ångström — Anders Jonas Ångström Anders Jonas Ångström [˘ɔŋstrœm] (* 13. August 1814 in Lögdö bruk, Gemeinde Timrå; † 21. Juni 1874 in Uppsala) war ein schwedischer Astronom und Physike …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Anders Jonas Ångström — (Aussprache: [ˌanːdəʂ ˈɔŋːstɾœm]; * 13. August 1814 in Lögdö bruk, Gemeinde Timrå; † 21. Juni 1874 in Uppsala) war ein schwedischer Astronom und Physiker sowie Mitbegründer der Astrospektroskopie. Ångst …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Anders Jonas Ångström — Infobox Scientist name = Anders Jonas Ångström box width = |Anders Jonas Ångström image width = 200px caption = Anders Jonas Ångström birth date = August 13, 1814 birth place = Medelpad, Sweden death date = June 21, 1874 death place = Uppsala,… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”