thiamin

thiamin
or vitamin B1

Organic compound, part of the vitamin B complex, necessary in carbohydrate metabolism.

It carries out these functions in its active form, as a component of the coenzyme thiamin pyrophosphate. Its molecular structure includes a substituted pyridine ring and a thiazole ring. Thiamin is found most abundantly in whole cereal grains and certain other seeds. Deficiency leads to beriberi.

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also spelled  thiamine , also called  vitamin B1 

      water-soluble organic compound that is necessary for carbohydrate metabolism in both plants and animals. It carries out these functions in its active form, as a component of the coenzyme thiamin pyrophosphate. Thiamin deficiency results in beriberi, a disease characterized by multiple neuritis (lesions of nerves), general debility, and heart failure.

      In 1926 thiamin was the first vitamin to be isolated in pure form. Its structure was fully elucidated and the vitamin synthesized in 1936. The chemical structure is as follows:

       vitaminsThiamin is found most abundantly in cereal grains and in certain other seeds. In many countries, white rice and white wheat flour are now fortified with synthetic thiamin. Pork is one of the richest animal sources. The recommended daily intake of thiamin is 1.0 to 1.4 mg (1 mg = 0.001 gram) for adult humans. (See table of the vitamins (vitamins).)

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Thiamin — Thiamin, Vitamin B1, zu den wasserlöslichen Vitaminen gehörende, nach Umsetzung mit ATP als Thiamindiphosphat das Coenzym von Carboxylasen und Aldehydtransferasen bildende Verbindung aus zwei heterozyklischen Ringen. Es wirkt insbesondere bei der …   Deutsch wörterbuch der biologie

  • thiamin — also thiamine, alternative name for vitamin B1, 1937, coined by Dr. R.R. Williams from thio , indicating the presence of sulfur, comb. form of Gk. theion sulfur, + AMINE (Cf. amine), indicating the amino group. Or the second element might be from …   Etymology dictionary

  • thiamin — UK [ˈθaɪəmɪn] / US or thiamine UK [ˈθaɪəmiːn] / US [ˈθaɪəˌmɪn] noun [uncountable] medical a natural chemical in many types of food that your body uses to make your nerves work correctly. It belongs to the vitamin B group …   English dictionary

  • Thiamin — chembox ImageFile=Thiamin.svg ImageSize=270px ImageFile2=Thiamine 3D vdW.png IUPACName=2 [3 [(4 amino 2 methyl pyrimidin 5 yl)methyl] 4 methyl thiazol 5 yl] ethanol OtherNames= Section1= Chembox Identifiers CASNo=59 43 8 PubChem=1130 SMILES= [Cl… …   Wikipedia

  • Thiamin — Strukturformel Struktur von Thiaminchlorid …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Thiamin — Vitamin B1 * * * Thi|a|min 〈n. 11; internationaler Freiname für〉 Vitamin B1 * * * Thi|a|min [vermutlich zu Thiazol u. Pyrimidin], das; s: Syn.: Vitamin B1, (veraltet:) Aneurin: Trivial u. Freiname für eine in pflanzlichem u. tierischem Gewebe… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Thiamin-Pyrophosphat — Strukturformel Allgemeines Name Thiaminpyrophosphat Andere Namen Thiamindiphosphat …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • thiamin — noun see thiamine …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • thiamin — A heat labile and water soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and in the germ and husk of grains; also artificially synthesized; essential for growth; a deficiency of t. is associated with beriberi and Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome. SYN:… …   Medical dictionary

  • Thiamin — Thi|a|min 〈n.; Gen.: s, Pl.: e; Biochemie; internat. Freiname für〉 Vitamin B1 [Etym.: <Thio… + Amin] …   Lexikalische Deutsches Wörterbuch

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