hypophosphatemia

hypophosphatemia
Low phosphate levels in blood.

It usually occurs in conjunction with other metabolic disturbances, disrupting energy metabolism and impairing delivery of oxygen to tissues. Acute hypophosphatemia causes neurological symptoms (weakness, tremors, and confusion). Chronic hypophosphatemia, from long-term deficiency, causes general weakness and appetite loss. Treatment involves correcting the metabolic problem and giving phosphate supplements. Familial hypophosphatemia, an inherited disorder, is a major cause of rickets in developed nations. See also ATP.

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      reduction in the concentration of phosphate in the blood serum, thus disrupting the body's energy metabolism and impairing the delivery of oxygen through the bloodstream to the tissues. Hypophosphatemia usually occurs in conjunction with other metabolic disturbances that affect the normal equilibrium between the blood circulation, the intestinal absorption of nutrients, the loss of phosphate through the kidneys, and the storage of phosphate in the bones and red blood cells. Defects in any one of these areas or, more often, in a combination of areas will reduce phosphate levels in the blood. Acute hypophosphatemia causes such neurological symptoms as weakness, tingling, depressed reflexes, tremors, and confusion. Chronic hypophosphatemia, in which a prolonged deficiency depletes the body's normal phosphate stores, causes generalized debility, weakness, and anorexia. Treatment in either case involves correction of the underlying metabolic disturbance and phosphate supplements to replenish the body's stores of that nutrient.

      Familial hypophosphatemia is a sex-linked inherited disorder that is a principal cause of rickets (q.v.) in the developed nations. Familial hypophosphatemia is caused by a metabolic defect that leads to the loss of phosphate through the kidneys. The resulting low concentration of phosphate in the blood results in the reduced deposition in the bones of calcium phosphate, which is the substance responsible for the rigidity of bone. The result, in children, is the curved and stunted bones that are the chief symptoms of rickets.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • hypophosphatemia — noun An electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally low level of phosphate in the blood, most commonly seen when malnourished patients are given large amounts of carbohydrates, creating a high phosphorus demand in the cells of the… …   Wiktionary

  • Hypophosphatemia — A less than normal blood level of phosphate. The opposite of hyperphosphatemia. * * * Abnormally low concentrations of phosphates in the circulating blood. See also entries under rickets. * * * hy·po·phos·pha·te·mia or chiefly Brit… …   Medical dictionary

  • hypophosphatemia — hy·po·phos·pha·te·mia …   English syllables

  • hypophosphatemia — ˌ ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷+ˌfäsfəˈtēmēə noun ( s) Etymology: New Latin, from hypo + International Scientific Vocabulary phosphate + New Latin emia : deficiency of phosphates in the blood that is due to inadequate intake, excessive excretion, or defective… …   Useful english dictionary

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  • familial hypophosphatemia — familial hypophosphatemic rickets; the term is sometimes used specifically for X linked hypophosphatemia …   Medical dictionary

  • X-linked hypophosphatemia — a form of familial hypophosphatemic rickets, with X linked dominant inheritance and caused by mutation at locus Xp22.2 p22.1; the bone disease is due to defects in the resorption of phosphate by the proximal renal tubule and in the regulation of… …   Medical dictionary

  • bone disease — Introduction  any of the diseases or injuries that affect human bones (bone). Diseases and injuries of bones are major causes of abnormalities of the human skeletal system (skeletal system, human). Although physical injury, causing fracture,… …   Universalium

  • XLH — Infobox Disease Name = PAGENAME Caption = DiseasesDB = 6513 ICD10 = ICD9 = ICDO = OMIM = 307800 MedlinePlus = eMedicineSubj = eMedicineTopic = MeshID = D053098X linked Hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a genetic disease characterized by mutation in the… …   Wikipedia

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