San, Saya

San, Saya
orig. Ya Gyaw

born Oct. 24, 1876, East Thayetkan, Shewbo district, Burma
died Nov. 16, 1931, Tharrawaddy

Political leader of Burma (Myanmar).

A Buddhist monk, physician, and astrologer in Siam (Thailand) and Burma, he joined an extreme nationalist group dedicated to organizing peasant discontent. Claiming the throne of Burma, he had himself crowned in 1930 and initiated an anti-British revolt in the Tharrawaddy district. Within two years the rebels, armed only with spears and swords and protected by charms they believed would make them invulnerable to bullets, were defeated by British troops with machine guns; Saya San was captured, tried, and hanged. The revolt exposed the precarious and unpopular position of the British in Burma.

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▪ Myanmar leader
Saya also spelled  Hsaya,  original name  Ya Gyaw 
born Oct. 24, 1876, East Thayet-kan, Shwebo district, Burma [Myanmar]
died Nov. 16, 1931, Tharrawaddy

      leader of the anti-British rebellion of 1930–32 in Burma (Myanmar).

      Saya San was a native of Shwebo, a centre of nationalist-monarchist sentiment in north-central Burma that was the birthplace of the Konbaung (or Alaungpaya) dynasty, which controlled Myanmar from 1752 until the British annexation in 1886. He was a Buddhist monk, physician, and astrologer in Siam (Thailand) and Burma before the rebellion. Saya San joined the extreme nationalist faction of the General Council of Burmese Associations led by U Soe Thein. Saya San organized peasant discontent and proclaimed himself a pretender to the throne who, like Alaungpaya, would unite the people and expel the British invader. He organized his followers into the “Galon Army” (Galon, or Garuḍa, is a fabulous bird of Hindu mythology), and he was proclaimed “king” at Insein, near Rangoon (Yangon), on Oct. 28, 1930.

      On the night of December 22/23 the first outbreak occurred in the Tharrawaddy district; the revolt soon spread to other Irrawaddy delta districts. The Galon army rebels, like the Boxers of China, carried charms and tattoos to make themselves invulnerable to British bullets. Armed only with swords and spears, Saya San's rebels were no match for British troops with machine guns.

      As the revolt collapsed, Saya San fled to the Shan Plateau in the east. On Aug. 2, 1931, however, he was captured at Hokho and brought back to Tharrawaddy to be tried by a special tribunal. Despite the efforts of his lawyer, Ba Maw, he was sentenced to death in March 1931 and was hanged at Tharrawaddy jail. The revolt was crushed, but more than 10,000 peasants were killed in the process.

      Although Saya San's revolt was basically political (it was the last genuine attempt to restore the Burmese monarchy) and possessed strong religious characteristics, its causes were basically economic. The peasants of southern Burma had been dispossessed by Indian moneylenders, were burdened with heavy taxes, and were left penniless when the price of rice dropped in an economic depression. Widespread support for Saya San betrayed the precarious and unpopular position of British rule in Burma.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • saṉ-ṡaya — संशय …   Indonesian dictionary

  • San — (Apócope de santo.) ► adjetivo 1 RELIGIÓN Se aplica a la persona que ha sido canonizada por la iglesia, antepuesto a nombres propios de varón a excepción de Tomás, Tomé, Domingo y Toribio. FRASEOLOGÍA san Bernardo ZOOLOGÍA Raza de perros, grandes …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • San — /sahn/, n. a river in central Europe, flowing from the Carpathian Mountains in W Ukraine through SE Poland into the Vistula: battles 1914 15. ab. 280 mi. (450 km) long. /sahn/, n., pl. Sans (esp. collectively) San for. 1. 1. a member of a nomadic …   Universalium

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  • Saya San — or Galon Saya San (born 24 October 1876, executed 16 November 1931) was a noted monk, a Burmese medicine man or shaman and the leader of the Burmese peasant revolt of 1930 1931 and pretender to the Burmese throne. [cite web… …   Wikipedia

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  • Saya San (Hsaya San) Rebellion —    (1930 1932)    The largest rural uprising during the British colonial period, caused by economic distress, harsh taxation measures, and land foreclosures. Its leader, Saya San (Hsaya San), was a practitioner of traditional medicine, alchemy,… …   Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar)

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