Phan Chau Trinh

Phan Chau Trinh
born 1872, Tay Loc, Quang Nam province, Viet.
died March 24, 1926, Saigon

Vietnamese nationalist leader and reformer.

Trinh, who fought in the resistance movement against the French even as a boy, came to believe that modernization was a prerequisite for developing an autonomous state, and he thus made modernization his primary goal. He urged replacing the civil service system with vocational schools and commercial firms, but his attempts to persuade the French to undertake major reforms failed, and he was twice imprisoned. He was mourned as a national hero after his death. See also Phan Boi Chau.

* * *

▪ Vietnamese leader
also spelled  Phan Chu Trinh  
born 1872, Tay Loc, Quang Nam province, Vietnam
died March 24, 1926, Saigon

      nationalist leader and reformer who played a vital role in the movement for Vietnamese independence and who was the leading proponent of a reformist program that joined the aims of expelling the French and of restructuring Vietnamese society.

      Trained in military skills by his father, Phan Chau Trinh fought in 1885 against French forces that were searching for the fugitive rebel king Ham Nghi, the symbol of the resistance. In an encounter with the French, his father was killed, possibly by a member of a nationalist-royalist organization who thought him a traitor. Thereafter, Trinh would not associate with any plans to oppose the French that involved a monarchist symbol.

      Trinh resumed his education in 1887, studying the Chinese classics in preparation for the mandarin examinations, which he passed in 1900. By 1906 he had come to view the mandarin bureaucracy and the Vietnamese monarchy as symbols of a backwardness that would forever prevent technological progress and the development of an autonomous state. That year he went to Japan, where he discussed plans for overthrowing the French regime with another Vietnamese nationalist, Phan Boi Chau (q.v.). Trinh argued for the gradual development of an autonomous state by laying firm foundations in economic and industrial development. His primary goal was modernization, from which he believed a Vietnamese democratic republic would follow.

      Returning to Vietnam, Trinh started small business enterprises and spread propaganda encouraging the development of local industries and a modern education for all Vietnamese. Gaining a large following, he tried to persuade the French to undertake major reforms, and he urged replacing the mandarin civil service system with vocational schools and commercial firms. He asked wealthy Vietnamese to develop national commerce through personal investments.

      Greatly influenced by the writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Montesquieu, Trinh began by appealing in vain to French colonialists in terms of their own revolutionary tradition. In 1908 he was seized in Hanoi during a series of arrests of anticolonialist agitators. He maintained a silent protest through a hunger strike while awaiting trial at Hue. After a trial in a joint mandarin and French court, Trinh was sentenced in May 1908 to life imprisonment on Poulo Condore (now Con Son). He was pardoned and released in 1911, however, apparently to work with the colonial regime for modernization. Subsidized by the French, he went to Paris; he was again imprisoned early in World War I, this time for draft evasion and pro-German leanings. He was released in 1915 but received no more subsidies from the French. Trinh returned to Vietnam in 1924 and died of tuberculosis in 1926. He was mourned by Vietnamese of all classes in a national funeral ceremony that lasted a week.

Additional Reading
An excellent critical assessment of Phan Chau Trinh's writings and his influence on Vietnam's historical development is given in David G. Marr, Vietnamese Anticolonialism, 1885–1925 (1971).

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Phan Chau Trinh — Phan Châu Trinh Phan Châu Trinh (1872 1926) est né à Tay Loc dans la Province de Quảng Nam. Son père a été un riche propriétaire foncier lettré et et a participé à la “résistance des lettrés”, mais il fut tué en 1885 par d’autres dirigeants de ce …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Phan Châu Trinh — (1872 1926) est un patriote vietnamien pacifiste né à Tay Loc dans la Province de Quảng Nam. Sommaire 1 Biographie 2 La résistance des lettrés 3 Conclusion 4 Voir aussi …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Phan Châu Trinh — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Phan Chu Trinh o Phan Chau Trinh (1872, Tay Loc, Quang Nam 24 de marzo, 1926, Saigón) fue un líder nacionalista revolucionario de Vietnam. Luchó siendo aún niño en el movimiento de resistencia en contra de los… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Phan Chau Trinh — (1872, Tay Loc, provincia de Quang Nam, Vietnam–24 mar. 1926, Saigón). Reformador y líder nacionalista vietnamita. Trinh, que combatió incluso desde niño en el movimiento de resistencia contra los franceses, se convenció posteriormente de que la… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Phan Chu Trinh — Phan Chu TrinhVietnamese nameQuốc ngữ Phan Chu TrinhChữ nôm潘周楨Phan Chu Trinh (His name has no tones, this is a correct spelling) also known as Phan Châu Trinh (1872 1926) was a famous early 20th century Vietnamese nationalist. He also used the… …   Wikipedia

  • Phan Boi Chau — Phan Bội Châu Phan Bội Châu (1867 1940) a été un pionnier du nationalisme vietnamien du XXe siècle, l’ancêtre spirituel de Nguyễn Ái Quốc qui deviendra Hồ Chí Minh et d’autres patriotes vietnamiens. En 1903, il a formé une organisation… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Phan Bội Chau — Phan Bội Châu Phan Bội Châu (1867 1940) a été un pionnier du nationalisme vietnamien du XXe siècle, l’ancêtre spirituel de Nguyễn Ái Quốc qui deviendra Hồ Chí Minh et d’autres patriotes vietnamiens. En 1903, il a formé une organisation… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Phan Bội Châu — (1867 1940) a été un pionnier du nationalisme vietnamien du XXe siècle, l’ancêtre spirituel de Nguyễn Ái Quốc qui deviendra Hồ Chí Minh et d’autres patriotes vietnamiens. En 1903, il a formé une organisation révolutionnaire appelé une… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Phan Bội Châu — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Phan Boi Chau Phan Boi Chau de nacimiento Phan Van San (1867, Nghe An 29 de septiembre, 1940, Hué) fue una figura de oposición vietnamita. Hijo de un académico pobre, recibió un …   Wikipedia Español

  • Phan Thiet — Phan Thiết 10°56′N 108°06′E / 10.933, 108.1 Phan Thiết est une ville située dans la province de Bình Thuận au Viêt …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”