Madariaga y Rojo, Salvador de

Madariaga y Rojo, Salvador de
born July 23, 1886, La Coruña, Spain
died Dec. 14, 1978, Locarno, Switz.

Spanish writer, diplomat, and historian.

Abandoning an engineering career for journalism, he joined the League of Nations Secretariat in 1921 as a press member, served as ambassador to the U.S. and France, and was Spain's permanent delegate to the League (1931–36). When the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936, he moved to England, returning only after Francisco Franco's death. He wrote prolifically in English, German, French, and Spanish, his works including Englishmen, Frenchmen, Spaniards (1928), Spain (1942), The Rise and Fall of the Spanish American Empire (1945), and novels based on Latin American history.

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▪ Spanish writer and diplomat
born July 23, 1886, La Coruña, Spain
died Dec. 14, 1978, Locarno, Switz.

      Spanish writer, diplomat, and historian, noted for his service at the League of Nations and for his prolific writing in English, German, and French, as well as Spanish.

      The son of a Spanish army officer, Madariaga was trained at his father's insistence as an engineer in Paris but abandoned his career to become a journalist. In 1921 he joined the Secretariat of the League of Nations at Geneva as a press member and the following year was appointed head of its disarmament section. From 1928 to 1931 he was professor of Spanish studies at the University of Oxford. After the Spanish monarchy fell in 1931, the Spanish republic appointed him ambassador to the United States (1931) and then to France (1932–34), and he was Spain's permanent delegate to the League of Nations from 1931 to 1936. When the Spanish Civil War broke out in July 1936, Madariaga—“equally distant from both sides,” as he wrote at the time—resigned and left for England. He became a vocal opponent of the Francisco Franco regime and did not return to Spain until April 1976, following Franco's death the previous November.

      Among Madariaga's most notable essays are Englishmen, Frenchmen, Spaniards (1928), a study of national psychology; Guía del lector del Quijote (1926; Don Quixote), an analysis of Cervantes' classic; and Spain (1942), a historical essay. He also published books on various periods in Latin-American history, among them Cuadro histórico de las Indias, 2 vol. (1945; The Rise and Fall of the Spanish American Empire), and the trilogy Christopher Columbus (1939), Hernán Cortés (1941), and Simón Bolívar (1949), the last being the object of violent criticism for its iconoclasm. Madariaga's political writings expound his philosophy of individual liberty and the solidarity of mankind.

      In addition to the essay, Madariaga cultivated other literary genres—poetry, drama, and narrative prose. His novels are based upon philosophical, political, and religious themes. Among his fictional works are El corazón de piedra verde (1942; The Heart of Jade) and Guerra en la sangre (1957; War in the Blood), novels based on Latin-American history.

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  • Madariaga y Rojo, Salvador de — (23 jul. 1886, La Coruña, España–14 dic. 1978, Locarno, Suiza). Escritor, diplomático e historiador español. Abandonó la carrera de ingeniería por la de periodismo y se incorporó a la Secretaría de la Liga de las Naciones en 1921 como encargado… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo — (* 23. Juli 1886 in A Coruña, Spanien; † 14. Dezember 1978 in Muralto bei Locarno, Schweiz) war ein spanischer Diplomat und Schriftsteller. Leben Am 23. Juli 1886 wurde Madariaga als Sohn eines baskischen Offiziers geboren. Seinen Schulbesuch… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • MADARIAGA Y ROJO (S. de) — MADARIAGA Y ROJO SALVADOR DE (1886 1978) C’est dans le Finisterre espagnol, à La Corogne que naquit Salvador de Madariaga. Ce Galicien au patronyme euskarien fait ses premières études à l’Instituto Cisneros de Madrid. Puis sa famille l’envoie à… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Madariaga y Rojo —   [maȓa ri̯aɣa i rrɔxo], Salvador de, spanischer Schriftsteller und Diplomat, * La Coruña 23. 7. 1886, ✝ Muralto (bei Locarno) 14. 12. 1978; Ingenieurstudium in Paris; ab 1916 Journalist in London; war 1922 27 Leiter der Abrüstungskommission des… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Madariaga y Rojo — biographical name Salvador de 1886 1978 Spanish writer & diplomat …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Salvador de Madariaga — y Rojo Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo (* 23. Juli 1886 in A Coruña; † 14. Dezember 1978 in Muralto, Schweiz) war ein nationalliberaler spanischer Diplomat und Schriftsteller …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Rojo — (Del lat. russeus.) ► adjetivo 1 Del color de la sangre o del tomate maduro. ► sustantivo masculino 2 Primer color del espectro solar, anterior al naranja, correspondiente a las radiaciones de mayor longitud de onda del espectro visible. SINÓNIMO …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Salvador — Salvadoran, Salvadorian, adj., n. /sal veuh dawr /; for 1, 3 also Sp. /sahl vah dhawrdd /; for 2 also Port. /sahl veuh dawrdd /, n. 1. See El Salvador. 2. Formerly, Bahia, São Salvador. a seaport in E Brazil. 1,525,831. 3. a male given name. * *… …   Universalium

  • Salvador — ► adjetivo/ sustantivo 1 Que salva: ■ me rescató y nunca le olvidaré porque fue mi salvador. SINÓNIMO liberador ► sustantivo masculino 2 RELIGIÓN Denominación que se suele dar a Jesucristo. * * * salvador, a adj. y n. Se aplica al que salva;… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Salvador de Madariaga — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Salvador de Madariaga Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo (La Coruña, 23 de julio de 1886 Locarno (Suiza), 14 de diciembre de 1978) fue un diplomático …   Wikipedia Español

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