Fāṭimah

Fāṭimah

born с 605, Mecca, Arabia
died 633, Medina

Daughter of Muhammad and the object of veneration in Shīite Islam.

In 622 she emigrated with her father from Mecca to Medina, where she married her cousin Alī. Their sons, Hasan and al-Husayn ibn Alī, are considered by Shīʽites to be the rightful inheritors of the tradition of Muhammad. Fāṭimah's marriage was unhappy, but she and her husband were reconciled by the Prophet, and she cared for her father in his last illness (632). She clashed with his successor, Abū Bakr, over property and died a year later. Later tradition added to the majesty of her life, and the Fātimid dynasty derived its name from hers.

* * *

▪ daughter of Muḥammad
Arabic“Shining One”also spelled  Fatima , also called  al-Zahrāʾ  
born c. 605, Mecca, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]
died 633, Medina

      daughter of Muhammad (the founder of Islam) who in later centuries became the object of deep veneration by many Muslims, especially the Shīʿites (Shīʿite). Muhammad had other sons and daughters, but they either died young or failed to produce a long line of descendants. Fāṭimah, however, stood at the head of a genealogy that steadily enlarged through the generations.

      To the Shīʿites she is particularly important because she was married to Alīʿ, whom the Shīʿites considered to be the legitimate heir of the authority of the Prophet Muhammad and the first of their imāms. The sons of Fāṭimah and ʿAlī, Ḥasan and Ḥusayn (Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī, al-), are thus viewed by the Shīʿites as the rightful inheritors of the tradition of Muhammad, a further ramification of Fāṭimah's significance among Shīʿite believers. Accordingly, many Islamic traditions give a majestic if not miraculous quality to Fāṭimah's life.

      Fāṭimah accompanied Muhammad when he emigrated from Mecca to Medina in 622. Soon after her arrival in Medina she married ʿAlī, the Prophet's cousin. Their first years were lived in abject poverty. When in 632 Muhammad was facing his last illness, Fāṭimah was there to nurse him. In general she was devoted to her domestic duties and avoided involvement in political affairs. Yet after Muhammad's death she had a sharp clash with Abū Bakr, who had succeeded Muhammad as leader of the Islamic community, and Fāṭimah supported ʿAlī in his reluctance to submit to Abū Bakr's authority. She came into conflict with the caliph a second time over property that she claimed Muhammad had left her. Abū Bakr refused to sanction her claim, and, according to most accounts, Fāṭimah refused to speak to him until her death from illness six months later.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Fatimah — For other people of the same name, see Fatima (name). A series of articles on Fatimah Life Family tree · Fatimah marital life · Descendants · Succession to Muhammad  …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah Jackson — Fatimah Jackson, full name Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson is an African American biologist and anthropologist. She is a professor of Applied Biological Anthropology at the University of Maryland and has been teaching there for over 15 years. [… …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah bint Amr — ( ar. فاطمة بنت عمر) (died 576) was Muhammad s grandmother.She was married to Abd al Muttalib ibn Hashim.Her full name was: Fatimah daughter of Amr ibn A idh ibn Imran ibn Makhzum. Her mother s name was Sahre, Sahre s mother was Tahmur. Tahmur… …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah bint Husayn — ( ar. فاطمة بنت حسين) was, according to a Sunni source, the daughter of Umm Ishaq bint Talhah and Husayn ibn Ali. Husayn was the third Shi a Imam and Umm Ishaq was the daughter of the prominent Muslim general, Talha ibn Ubayd Allah.… …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah bint al-Khattab — was the sister of the second Sunni Caliph: Umar. She was married to Sa id ibn Zayd. See also *Fatima (name)*Sahaba …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah bint al-Hasan — Fātimah bint al Hasan ibn ‘Alī (Arabic: فاطمة بنت الـحسن بن علي ) was a daughter of Hasan ibn ‘Alī, wife of ‘Alī ibn Husayn (fourth Twelver Imām), and mother of Muhammad al Bāqir (fifth Twelver Imām). Her kunya was Umm ‘Abd Allāh [Thahdhib al… …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah Hashim — Tun Fatimah Hashim (born December 25, 1924) [ [http://www.wanita umno.org.my/berita eksklusif 30.html Wanita Umno page] ] is a Malaysian freedom fighter and former minister in the Malaysian cabinet. Along with her husband, Tan Sri Abdul Kadir… …   Wikipedia

  • Fatimah Hashim — Tun Fatimah Hashim (* 25. Dezember 1924 in Kampung Parit Kurma, Muar, Johor; † 9. Januar 2010 in Kuala Lumpur) war eine malaysische Politikerin. Biografie Nach dem Schulbesuch an der Sekolah Melayu Perempuan Mersing in Johor war sie als Lehrerin… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Fāṭimah — biographical name circa 606 633 az Zahrā (‘Shining One’) daughter of Muḥammad …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Fatimah — noun youngest daughter of the prophet Mohammed and wife of the fourth calif Ali; revered especially by Shiite Muslims (606 632) • Syn: ↑Fatima • Instance Hypernyms: ↑Muslim, ↑Moslem …   Useful english dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”