Fallopius, Gabriel

Italian Gabriello Fallopio

born 1523, Modena

died Oct. 9, 1562, Padua

Italian anatomist.

He contributed greatly to knowledge of the ear and reproductive system. His observations of the dissection of cadavers are outlined in Observationes anatomicae (1561). He discovered the fallopian tubes, which connect the ovaries to the uterus, and several major nerves of the head and face. He described the semicircular canals in the ear and named the vagina, placenta, clitoris, palate, and cochlea. He and Andreas Vesalius overturned many of Galen's principles, a development essential to Renaissance medicine.

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▪ Italian physician

Italian  Gabriello Fallopio  or  Gabriello Fallopia  

born 1523, Modena [Italy]

died Oct. 9, 1562, Padua

 the most illustrious of 16th-century Italian anatomists, who contributed greatly to early knowledge of the ear and of the reproductive organs.

      Fallopius served as canon of the cathedral of Modena and then turned to the study of medicine (medicine, history of) at the University of Ferrara, where he became a teacher of anatomy. He then held positions at the University of Pisa (1548–51) and at Padua (1551–62). His exhaustive observations, made during dissection of human cadavers and outlined in Observationes anatomicae (1561), earned him the respect and admiration of his colleagues, including the great Renaissance anatomist Andreas Vesalius.

      Fallopius discovered the tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus (now known as fallopian tubes (fallopian tube)) and several major nerves of the head and face. He described the semicircular canals of the inner ear (responsible for maintaining body equilibrium) and named the vagina, placenta, clitoris, palate, and cochlea (the snail-shaped organ of hearing in the inner ear). A friend and supporter of Vesalius, he joined him in a vigorous assault on the principles of the classic Greek anatomist Galen, which resulted in a shift of attitude essential to the development of Renaissance medicine.

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