Ailly, Pierre d'

Ailly, Pierre d'
born 1350, Compiègne, Fr.
died Aug. 9, 1420, Avignon

French theologian and cardinal.

D'Ailly worked to end the Western Schism. He advocated the doctrine of conciliarism (see Conciliar Movement), which maintained that supreme authority in the church was held by a general council. He was active at the Council of Pisa (1409), which deposed both pope and antipope in favour of the new conciliar pope, Alexander V, but failed to end the schism. He was also involved in the Council of Constance (1414–18), which called for the abdication of the antipope John XXIII (r. 1410–15) and the election of another pope (Martin V) and ended the schism. His writings included a geographical treatise, Image of the World, used by Christopher Columbus.

* * *

▪ French cardinal
born 1350, Compiègne, France
died Aug. 9, 1420, Avignon

      French theologian, cardinal, and advocate of church reform whose chief aim was to heal the Great Schism (Western Schism) of the Western church (1378–1417). He advocated the doctrine of conciliarism—the subordination of the pope to a general council—and in 1381 he suggested convoking such a council in an effort to end the schism.

      D'Ailly studied at the College of Navarre of the University of Paris, where he became a doctor of theology (1380). He became master of the college in 1384 and later was made chancellor of the university and the king's confessor and almoner (1389). He displeased the university, however, by supporting the antipope Benedict XIII (Benedict (XIII)), who appointed him bishop of Le Puy (1395) and then bishop of Cambrai (1397). He gradually broke with Benedict, who, with the Roman pope Boniface IX, refused to abdicate to heal the schism. D'Ailly then returned to his earlier conciliar doctrine, which steadily became more extreme.

      D'Ailly played a prominent part in the Council of Pisa (Pisa, Council of) (1409), which declared Benedict and the new Roman pope Gregory XII deposed and elected a third, the conciliar pope Alexander V, who was succeeded the following year by John XXIII. John made d'Ailly a cardinal (1411), bishop of Orange, and his legate to Germany (1413). The schism nevertheless persisted, there being now three popes instead of two, and d'Ailly favoured calling a new general council, which was convened at Constance (1414–18). He was influential in the decisions of the Constance council (Constance, Council of), which called for the abdication of John XXIII, condemned the Hussites (heretical followers of the Bohemian reformer Jan Hus), supported conciliarism, and accepted a compromise on the roles of the council and the cardinals in order to elect a new pope, Martin V (November 1417). The possibility that d'Ailly might be elected pope was ruled out by a hostile coalition of Italians, Germans, and English. He subsequently retired to Avignon, where he was legate for Martin.

      D'Ailly was the author of several influential works. Although many of his views on the constitution of the church were later rejected as heretical, particularly inasmuch as they were echoed by Protestant reformers, they were adopted in his time as the only apparent way of ending the Great Schism. D'Ailly was interested in science, and he advocated calendar reforms that were later effected by Pope Gregory XIII. D'Ailly's treatise Image of the World, which supported the idea that the East Indies could be reached by sailing west, was studied and annotated by Christopher Columbus before he made his epochal voyages.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Ailly, Pierre d' — • French theologian and philosopher, bishop and cardinal, born 1350 at Compiègne; died probably 1420 at Avignon Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Ailly, Pierre d´ — ► (1350 1430) Teólogo francés. Fue canciller de la Sorbona y confesor de Carlos VI, arzobispo de Cambray y cardenal. Su obra más famosa, sin embargo, es el Imago Mundi, sobre geografía universal, obra que consultaría Colón y que contribuiría a su …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Ailly, Pierre d' — (1350, Compiègne, Francia–9 ago. 1420, Aviñón). Teólogo y cardenal francés. Se empeño en poner fin al gran cisma de Occidente. Defendió la doctrina del conciliarismo, que sostenía que la autoridad suprema de la Iglesia residía en un concilio… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • AILLY, PIERRE D' —    a cardinal of the Romish Church, and eminent as a theologian, presided at the council of Constance which condemned Huss (1350 1420) …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Ailly — Ailly, Pierre d´ …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Pierre d'Ailly — Pierre d’Ailly Pierre d’Ailly (* 1350/51 in Compiègne; † 9. August 1420 in Avignon; lateinisch Petrus de Alliaco, deutsch Petrus von Ailly, Peter von Ailly) war ein französischer Theologe und ab 1411 Kardinal. Inhaltsverzeichni …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pierre d’Ailly — (* 1350/51 in Compiègne; † 9. August 1420 in Avignon; lateinisch Petrus de Alliaco, deutsch Petrus von Ailly, Peter von Ailly) war ein französischer Theologe und ab 1411 Kardinal (Titelkirche: San Crisogono) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pierre d'Ailly —     Pierre d Ailly     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Pierre d Ailly     (PETRUS DE ALLACO).     French theologian and philosopher, bishop and Cardinal, born 1350 at Compiègne; died probably 1420 at Avignon. He studied at the College of Navarre,… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • PIERRE D’AILLY — (1350 1420) Chancelier de l’université de Paris, théoricien des rapports entre le pape et le concile à la période du schisme d’Avignon. Quoique son renom soit moins grand que celui de son disciple, Gerson, Pierre d’Ailly doit être considéré comme …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Pierre d'Ailly — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Ailly (homonymie). Pierre d Ailly Pierre d Ailly Biographi …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”