Ḥafṣid dynasty

Ḥafṣid dynasty
(с 13th–16th century) Berber dynasty.

It was founded by a governor of the Almohad dynasty, Abū Zakariyyāʾ Yaḥyā, in north-central Africa с 1229. His son Mustanṣir (r. 1249–77) enlarged the empire to its peak of power and prestige. It had trade relations with Italian, Spanish, and Provençal communities despite the fact that it also ran pirate operations in the Mediterranean Sea. It resisted periodic invasions by the Marīnid dynasty. Dynastic struggles after 1452 weakened the Ḥafṣids. Spanish and Turkish forces later competed for the Ḥafṣid territory, and the Ottoman Empire incorporated its land into a province in 1574.

* * *

▪ Berber dynasty
also called  Banū Ḥafṣ  

      Amazigh ( Berber) dynasty of the 13th–16th century in Ifrīqiyyah ( Tunisia and eastern Algeria), founded by the Almohad (Almohads) governor Abū Zakariyyāʾ Yaḥyā about 1229. In the 20 years of his rule, Abū Zakariyyāʾ kept the various tribal disputes and intrigues under control, ensured Ḥafṣid economic prosperity by trade agreements with Italian, Spanish, and Provençal communities, and expanded his power into northern Morocco and Spain. His son, al-Mustanṣir (Mustanṣir, al-) (1249–77), assumed the title of caliph and raised the prestige of the kingdom to its highest point. A period of internal dissension followed al-Mustanṣir's rule, Ḥafṣid unity being temporarily restored by Abū Ḥafṣ (1284–95), then by Abū Yaḥyā Abū Bakr (1318–46). Plagued by periodic Marīnid (Marīnid dynasty) invasions, the Ḥafṣid kingdom regained some of the lustre of al-Mustanṣir's era under Abū al-ʿAbbās (1370–94), who managed to pacify the country, though Ḥafṣid pirate activity continued to threaten international relations. Ḥafṣid power retained its vigour under ʿUthmān (1435–88), despite a rebellion (1435–52), but, after his reign, dynastic struggles heralded the decline of Ḥafṣid power. The country fell into Arab hands, and Spaniards later established themselves on the coast. Finally, a struggle between Spanish and Turkish forces ended with Turkish supremacy and the designation of Tunis as a paşalik (province) in 1574.

      The Ḥafṣid dynasty left several major legacies. Under the Ḥafṣids, Tunis was established as the capital of the kingdom; in addition, Ḥafṣid rule saw the development of the Maliki (Mālikīyah) school of law and its propagation as the foundation of social life.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Hafsid dynasty — Hafsid was a dynasty ruling Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia) from 1229 to 1574.HistoryAfter the split of the Hafsids from the Almohads under Abu Zakariya (1229 1249), Abu Zakariya organised the administration in Ifriqiya (the Roman province of Africa in …   Wikipedia

  • dynasty — dynastic /duy nas tik/; Brit. also /di nas tik/, dynastical, adj. dynastically, adv. /duy neuh stee/; Brit. also /din euh stee/, n., pl. dynasties. 1. a sequence of rulers from the same family, stock, or group: the Ming dynasty …   Universalium

  • Almohad dynasty — Infobox Former Country native name = الموَحدون (ar) conventional long name =Almohad Empire Full names common name = Almohad continent=Africa Europe region = North Africa South Europe country = Mauretania, Algeria, Spain, Portuagal, Morocco,… …   Wikipedia

  • Marīnid dynasty — Berber dynasty that followed the Almohad dynasty in North Africa in the 13th–15th centuries. The Marīnids were a tribe of the Zanātah group, which was allied to the Umayyads in Córdoba. In 1248 a Marīnid leader, Abū Yaḥyā, captured Fès and made… …   Universalium

  • Marinid dynasty — Imrinen /المرينيون (ar) ← …   Wikipedia

  • Almohad dynasty — Arabic al Muwaḥḥidūn ( Unitarians ) (1130–1269) Berber confederation born out of religious opposition to the Islamic doctrines of the Almoravid dynasty. The Almohad leader Ibn Tūmart began his rebellion in the 1120s. Marrakech was captured in… …   Universalium

  • Abd al-Wādid Dynastyʿ — ▪ Berber dynasty also called  Zayyānid Dynasty , or  Banū Zayyān        dynasty of Zanātah Berbers (1236–1550), successors to the Almohad empire in northwestern Algeria. In 1236 the Zanātahs, loyal vassals to the Almohads, gained the support of… …   Universalium

  • History of medieval Tunisia — The present day Republic of Tunisia, al Jumhuriyyah at Tunisiyyah , has over ten million citizens, almost all of Arab Berber descent. The Mediterranean Sea is to the north and east, Libya to the southeast, and Algeria to the west. Tunis is the… …   Wikipedia

  • History of Ottoman-era Tunisia — Eyalet i Tunus Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire …   Wikipedia

  • North Africa — North African. the northern part of Africa, esp. the region north of the tropical rain forest and comprised of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and that part of Egypt west of the Gulf of Suez. * * * Introduction       region of Africa comprising …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”