scraper

scraper
/skray"peuhr/, n.
1. a person or thing that scrapes.
2. any of various tools or utensils for scraping.
[1545-55; SCRAPE + -ER1]

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      in engineering, machine for moving earth over short distances (up to about two miles) over relatively smooth areas. Either self-propelled or towed, it consists of a wagon with a gate having a bladed bottom. The blade scrapes up earth as the wagon pushes forward and forces the excavated material into the wagon. When the wagon is filled, the gate is closed, and the material is carried to the place of disposal. The scraper is the dominant tool in highway construction.

      in music, percussion instrument consisting of a serrated surface that is rasped with a stick. Known since the Stone Age, it is often associated with magical powers and ritual, and is widely distributed geographically. Scrapers are commonly made of bone—e.g., the Aztec omichicahuaztli used in memorial rites; gourd, such as the guiro of Mexican, Cuban, and Brazilian folk music and Latin-American dance bands; wood, as in the Chinese yü, or wooden tiger, used in Confucian ritual; horn, as in the charrasca (also called guiro) of Venezuelan folk music; and shell. They are sometimes resonated over a hole or a gourd.

      The cog rattle, or ratchet, is a more complex scraper, consisting of a cog wheel set in a frame to which a flexible tongue is attached; when the wheel revolves on its axle, the tongue scrapes the cogs. Found in Europe and Asia, cog rattles often served as signal instruments (in World War II, to warn of gas attack) or had ritual use (in medieval Roman Catholic services during the week before Easter). They are now common as toys and as festive noisemakers (a remnant of practices of creating a clamour to frighten away evil spirits). Richard Strauss scored for cog rattle in his symphonic poem Till Eulenspiegel (1895) and Igor Stravinsky for guiro in The Rite of Spring (1913).

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • scraper — [ skrapɶr; skrɛpɶr ] n. m. • 1933; mot angl., de to scrap « gratter » ♦ Anglic. Techn. Engin de terrassement automoteur utilisé pour araser le sol et transporter des matériaux. Recomm. offic. scrapeur. ● scraper nom masculin (anglais scraper,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Scraper — Scraper, OK U.S. Census Designated Place in Oklahoma Population (2000): 475 Housing Units (2000): 232 Land area (2000): 51.580451 sq. miles (133.592750 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 51.580451… …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • Scraper, OK — U.S. Census Designated Place in Oklahoma Population (2000): 475 Housing Units (2000): 232 Land area (2000): 51.580451 sq. miles (133.592750 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 51.580451 sq. miles… …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • Scraper — (engl. Kratzer, Räumer) bezeichnet: Granierstahl oder Wiegeeisen, ein Werkzeug zur Bearbeitung von Kupferstichen Motorschürfwagen oder Schürfkübelwagen, eine schwere Baumaschine zur Bewegung von Erdaushub Scraper Site, eine Website oder ein Blog …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Scraper — Scrap er, n. 1. An instrument with which anything is scraped. Specifically: (a) An instrument by which the soles of shoes are cleaned from mud and the like, by drawing them across it. (b) An instrument drawn by oxen or horses, used for scraping… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • scraper — (n.) 1560s, agent noun from SCRAPE (Cf. scrape) (v.) …   Etymology dictionary

  • scraper — /ˈskre(i)per, ingl. ˈskreɪpə(r)/ [vc. ingl., propriamente «grattatore, raspatore», da to scrape «grattare, raschiare»] s. m. inv. ruspa …   Sinonimi e Contrari. Terza edizione

  • scraper — (izg. skréjper) m DEFINICIJA vrsta građevinskog stroja za iskop i odvoz zemlje ETIMOLOGIJA engl …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Scraper — Décapeuse Une décapeuse franchissant une chaussée entre deux zones de travaux …   Wikipédia en Français

  • scraper — UK [ˈskreɪpə(r)] / US [ˈskreɪpər] noun [countable] Word forms scraper : singular scraper plural scrapers a tool with a handle and a sharp edge, used for removing a layer of something from a surface a paint/wallpaper/ice scraper …   English dictionary

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