Salvador

Salvador
Salvadoran, Salvadorian, adj., n.
/sal"veuh dawr'/; for 1, 3 also Sp. /sahl'vah dhawrdd"/; for 2 also Port. /sahl'veuh dawrdd"/, n.
1. See El Salvador.
2. Formerly, Bahia, São Salvador. a seaport in E Brazil. 1,525,831.
3. a male given name.

* * *

I

City (pop., 2002 est.: 2,519,500), port, and capital of Bahia state, northeastern Brazil.

Located at the southern tip of a peninsula that separates All Saints Bay from the Atlantic Ocean, it is one of Brazil's oldest cities, founded in 1549 as the Portuguese colonial capital. At the centre of the sugar trade along the bay, it became a prize for privateers, and the Dutch captured it briefly in 1624. Retaken by the Portuguese, it became a major centre for the African slave trade. It has grown continuously since 1940, and its port is one of the country's finest. Important industries include food and tobacco processing, ceramics, and shipbuilding.
II
(as used in expressions)
Allende Gossens Salvador
Casals Pablo Carlos Salvador Defilló
Dalí y Domenech Salvador Felipe Jacinto
Republic of El Salvador
Luria Salvador Edward
Madariaga y Rojo Salvador de

* * *

Brazil
Introduction
also called  São Salvador , or  Bahia 

      city, major port and capital (since 1889) of Bahia estado (state), northeastern Brazil. The country's third largest city, it is situated at the southern tip of a picturesque and bluff-formed peninsula that separates Todos os Santos (Todos os Santos Bay) (All Saints (Todos os Santos Bay)) Bay, a deep natural harbour, from the Atlantic Ocean. The city has a hot tropical climate, with a cooler rainy season during the winter months (June–August); ocean breezes, especially on the Atlantic side, tend to moderate temperatures. Pop. (2005 est.) city, 2,672,500; metro. area, 3,350,523.

History
      One of the country's oldest cities, Salvador was founded in 1549 as capital of the Portuguese colony of Brazil by Tomé de Sousa (Sousa, Tomé de), the first governor-general. As the entrepôt of the thriving sugar trade that developed along the bay shores, the city soon became a tempting prize for pirates and enemies of Portugal. It was captured by Dutch forces in 1624 but was retaken the following year. It remained under Portuguese control until 1823, when the last Portuguese troops were expelled in the war for Brazilian independence. With the transfer of the colonial seat of government to Rio de Janeiro in 1763, Salvador lost political preeminence and entered a long period of economic decline from which it did not emerge until after 1900.

      Salvador was a major centre for the African slave trade in the colonial period. Muslim African slaves in the city staged a widespread revolt there in 1835. Salvador still has one of the largest concentrations of black and mulatto populations in Brazil. These groups have contributed many of the folkways, costumes, and distinctive foods for which the city is noted.

      Since 1940 Salvador has experienced continuous and rapid population growth, accompanied by significant economic expansion, reflected in extensive public works and private construction. In the early 1970s the nearby Aratu Industrial Centre and the Camacari petrochemical complex were built and linked to Salvador by highway. The first terminal of a deepwater port was opened in 1975, and additional facilities were subsequently built.

The contemporary city
      Imports consist chiefly of manufactured goods, while exports include tobacco, sugar, sisal, hides, castor beans, aluminum, iron ore, and petroleum from the nearby Candeias oil field. Food and tobacco processing, textile, ceramics, and automobile manufacturing, chemical production, metallurgy, wood- and leatherworking, and shipbuilding and repair are Salvador's main industries. The port of Salvador is one of the finest in Brazil. Salvador is well-served by domestic and foreign shipping lines and airlines, and there are rail and bus connections with central and southern Brazil. Tourism, based on the city's historic sites and the fine beaches that ring it on three sides, has become a significant component of the economy.

      A distinctive feature of Salvador is its division into lower (cidade baixa) and upper (cidade alta) parts. The port, commercial district, and adjoining residential zones lie at the foot of a cliff on a low shelf of land facing west onto the bay, only a few feet above sea level. The principal shopping districts, state and municipal government offices, and leading residential areas are on the upper level, extending northward for several miles and eastward to the Atlantic shore. In addition, most of the city's historic sights are near the edge of the upper city. The old city centre, the Pelourinho (“Pillory”), was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1985 and underwent considerable restoration work in the 1990s. The upper and lower sections are connected by a few graded, winding roads, a funicular railway, and several elevators. The Lacerda elevator, an outstanding landmark, is the chief link, lifting passengers 234 feet (71 metres) between the separate streetcar systems.

      The city is a national cultural centre, famed for the beauty of its many Baroque colonial churches, especially the church of the convent of the Third Order of St. Francis (1701). Salvador's cardinal is the spiritual leader of Brazil's Roman Catholic church. There are also notable examples of colonial secular architecture, including the Barra lighthouse at the Atlantic tip of the peninsula and many 17th-century forts. Salvador is the seat of the Federal University of Bahia (1946) and the Catholic University of Salvador (1961). There are several museums, including one displaying sacred art in the monastery of Santa Tereza. The city's pre-Lenten carnival attracts large crowds annually.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Salvador — (meaning saviour in Spanish and Portuguese) is normally an indirect way of naming a messiah. It can be:Places* El Salvador, a Central American country **San Salvador, capital city of that country * Salvador, Bahia, Brazil * Salvador, Lanao del… …   Wikipedia

  • Salvador (BA) — Salvador (Bahia) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Salvador (homonymie). 12° 58′ 15″ S 38° 30′ 39″ W …   Wikipédia en Français

  • SALVADOR (EL) — Limité à l’ouest par le Guatemala, au nord et à l’est par le Honduras avec lequel il partage le golfe de Fonseca, le Salvador (21 041 km2), qualifié de «Petit Poucet» de l’Amérique centrale, est le seul des sept États de l’isthme à n’être ouvert… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Salvador — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Salvador puede referirse: Genéricamente, a quien realiza un salvamento. A Jesucristo, que en la religión cristiana es llamado El Salvador por conducir a la salvación del alma. Muchos topónimos y antropónimos… …   Wikipedia Español

  • SALVADOR — SALVADOR, anc. BAHIA Ville du Brésil, capitale de l’État de Bahia, Salvador (anc. São Salvador ou Bahia) fut, pendant toute la période coloniale, une ville très importante et, jusqu’au XVIIIe siècle, la capitale du Brésil. Salvador fut fondée en… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • SALVADOR — SALVADOR, Sephardi London family that settled in colonial America. JOSEPH (1716–1786) was a wealthy London merchant who immigrated to America. Known in the Sephardi community of London as Joseph Jessurun Rodrigues, he was born into a wealthy… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Salvadōr — (República del S.), die kleinste, aber am dichtesten bevölkerte und am meisten kultivierte der fünf mittelamerikanischen Republiken (s. Karte »Westindien und Mittelamerika«), zwischen 13°7´ 14°24´ nördl. Br. und 87°37´ 90°4´ westl. L., grenzt… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Sàlvādor — (Salvȃdor) m geogr. (port. S{{tag1=2}}ã{{/tag1}}o Salvador) država u Srednjoj Americi s izlazom na Tihi ocean, glavni grad San Salvador …   Veliki rječnik hrvatskoga jezika

  • Salvador — Sàlvādor (Salvȃdor) m DEFINICIJA geogr. (port. São Salvador) država u Srednjoj Americi s izlazom na Tihi ocean, 34.125 km2, 5.661.000 stan., glavni grad San Salvador …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Salvador — (Карвуэйру,Португалия) Категория отеля: Адрес: Mato Serrão, Lote 46, 8400 000 Карвуэйру, П …   Каталог отелей

  • Salvador — Salvador, mittelamerikanische Republik, grenzt im Süden an die Südsee, im Südosten an den Golf von Fonseca, im Osten und Norden an Honduras, im Westen an Guatemala, 21.079 km2, etwa 1 Mill. Einwohner. Länge der durchweg schmalspurigen Eisenbahnen …   Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”