ostomy

ostomy
/os"teuh mee/, n., pl. ostomies.
any of various surgical procedures, as a colostomy, in which an artificial opening is made so as to permit the drainage of waste products either into an appropriate organ or to the outside of the body.
[1955-60; generalized from words in which -ostomy is the final element; see -O-, -STOMY]

* * *

Surgical opening in the body, or the operation creating it, usually to allow discharge of wastes through the abdominal wall.

It may be temporary, to relieve strain on damaged organs, or permanent, to replace normal channels congenitally missing or surgically removed (usually to treat cancer). A loop of bowel (the colon in colostomy and the ileum in ileostomy) is cut and the end brought through to the abdominal surface. Waste usually exits into a self-adhering bag worn over the opening, or an internal pouch may be made from body tissue.

* * *

      (from Latin ostium, “mouth”), any procedure in which an artificial stoma, or opening, is surgically created; the term is also used for the opening itself. Usually ostomies are created through the abdominal wall to allow the discharge of bodily wastes when disease or injury has incapacitated a normal excretory (renal system) channel. A rarer type of ostomy, such as the esophagostomy or the tracheostomy, is performed to introduce substances into the body or to aid breathing.

      Ostomies are distinguished by the organ that connects to the outside; the most common types are colostomy, in which the lower part of the colon, or large intestine, is removed and the upper segment (usually) opened to the outside wall; ileostomy, in which the ileum, the final segment of the small intestine, is connected to the outside wall; and urostomy (or ureterostomy), in which a new channel for urine and liquid wastes is created (usually using a segment of small intestine) following removal of the bladder or ureters.

      Ostomies may be temporary, to relieve strain on excretory organs damaged by disease, abdominal injury, or surgery, or they may be permanent, to replace normal excretory channels that are congenitally missing or that must be removed as treatment for cancer or another debilitating intestinal disease. Temporary colostomies and ileostomies are generally created by bringing a loop of the intestine near the surface of the abdomen and severing it, opening both ends to the outside. Once the reason for the ostomy has been eliminated, the cut ends of the intestine are rejoined in a second surgical procedure. A temporary ostomy may be maintained in place by naturally forming adhesions between the loop of intestine and the mesentery, a membrane lining the abdomen, and by performing sutures.

      All types of ostomy require careful attention to cleaning the opening and to evacuation of waste, usually through an ostomy appliance, a self-adhering bag worn over the abdominal opening. In some procedures an internal collecting pouch made from body tissue may be created. One internal colostomy procedure allows the external opening to be covered by a simple patch but requires regular emptying by irrigation. Another internal procedure allows emptying through the anal sphincter.

      Often the psychological impact of an ostomy is great, but most people with ostomies are able to lead normal lives.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • ostomy — 1957, abstracted from COLOSTOMY (Cf. colostomy); ultimately from Mod.L. stoma opening, orifice, from Gk. stoma mouth (see STOMA (Cf. stoma)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • ostomy — [äs′tə mē] n. pl. ostomies any surgery connecting a hollow organ to the outside of the body or to another hollow organ, as a colostomy …   English World dictionary

  • -ostomy — the combining element is properly ↑ stomy …   Useful english dictionary

  • ostomy — os•to•my [[t]ˈɒs tə mi[/t]] n. pl. mies srg any of various surgical procedures in which an artificial opening is made for the drainage of waste products • Etymology: 1955–60; generalized from words in which ostomy is the final element; see o ,… …   From formal English to slang

  • Ostomy pouching system — An ostomy pouching system (also colloquially called a bag) is a medical device prosthetic that provides a means for the collection of waste from a surgically diverted biological system (colon, ileum, urinary) and the creation of a stoma. Pouching …   Wikipedia

  • ostomy — noun (plural mies) Etymology: colostomy Date: 1957 an operation (as a colostomy) to create an artificial passage for bodily elimination …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • ostomy — noun a) A surgical procedure to provide an exit point for the waste of an organism. b) An exit point created by such surgical procedure. See Also: stomy, colostomy, ileostomy …   Wiktionary

  • Ostomy — An operation to create an opening from an area inside the body to the outside. See glossary entry for colostomy. * * * 1. An artificial stoma or opening into the urinary or gastrointestinal canal, or the trachea. 2. Any operation by which a… …   Medical dictionary

  • -ostomy — See stomy. * * * suffix see stomy * * * [Gr. stoma mouth] a word termination denoting an operation in which an artificial opening is formed, with the organ into which the opening is made denoted by the combining form to which the word termination …   Medical dictionary

  • ostomy — n. surgical opening of an organ to allow for the secretion of waste, opening of the intestines (Medicine) …   English contemporary dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”