nitrate

nitrate
nitration, n.
n. /nuy"trayt, -trit/; v. /nuy"trayt/, n., v., nitrated, nitrating.
n.
1. Chem. a salt or ester of nitric acid, or any compound containing the univalent group -ONO2 or NO3.
2. fertilizer consisting of potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate.
3. cellulose nitrate, a substance used as a film base in the early days of filmmaking.
4. Informal. See nitrate film.
v.t.
5. to treat with nitric acid or a nitrate.
6. to convert into a nitrate.
[1785-95; NITR- + -ATE2]

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Any salt or ester of nitric acid (HNO3).

The salts are inorganic compounds with ionic bonds, containing the nitrate ion (NO3-) and any cation. Many, particularly ammonium nitrate, are used as agricultural fertilizers (see saltpeter). Their runoff in surface water and groundwater can cause serious illness in humans. The esters are organic compounds with covalent bonds, having the structure R―O―NO2, in which R represents an organic combining group such as methyl, ethyl, or phenyl.

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      any member of either of two classes of compounds derived from nitric acid, HNO3. The salts of nitric acid are ionic compounds containing the nitrate ion, NO-3, and a positive ion, such as NH4+ in ammonium nitrate. Esters of nitric acid are covalent compounds having the structure R−O−NO2, in which R represents an organic combining group, such as ethyl (C2H5) in ethyl nitrate. See also nitro compound.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Nitrate — Nitrate …   Deutsch Wörterbuch

  • nitrate — [ nitrat ] n. m. • 1787; de nitre ♦ Sel de l acide nitrique. ⇒ azotate. Nitrates naturels de soude (⇒ caliche) , de potasse (⇒ nitre, salpêtre) . Nitrates utilisés comme engrais (nitrate de sodium, de potassium, de calcium; d ammonium). Nitrate… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • nitrate — [nī′trāt΄] n. [Fr < MFr nitre, NITER] 1. a) a salt of nitric acid containing the monovalent, negative radical NO3 b) an uncharged ester of this acid 2. potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate, used as a fertilizer vt. nitrated …   English World dictionary

  • Nitrate — Ni trate, n. [Cf. F. nitrate.] (Chem.) A salt of nitric acid. [1913 Webster] {Nitrate of silver}, a white crystalline salt ({AgNO3}), used in photography and as a cauterizing agent; called also {lunar caustic}, and more commonly called {silver… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Nitrate —   [von griechisch nítron »Laugensalz«, »Soda«, »Natron«, aus ägyptisch nt̲r(j)], Singular Nitrat das, (e)s,    1) Salze der Salpetersäure mit der allgemeinen Formel MINO3 (MI einwertiges Metallkation oder Ammonium), MII(NO3) …   Universal-Lexikon

  • nitraté — nitraté, ée (ni tra té, tée) adj. Qui est converti à l état de nitrate …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • nitrate — (n.) 1794, from Fr. nitrate (1787) or formed in English from NITRE (Cf. nitre) + ATE (Cf. ate) (3). Related: Nitrates …   Etymology dictionary

  • Nitrate — (Salia nitrica), salpetersaure Salze (s.d.) …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Nitrāte — Nitrāte, soviel wie Salpetersäuresalze, z. B. Kaliumnitrat, salpetersaures Kali …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Nitrate — Nitrate, die Salze der Salpetersäure, s. Salpetersäure …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Nitrate — Nitrāte, die salpetersauren Salze …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

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