Kazvin

Kazvin
/kaz veen"/, n.
Qazvin.

* * *

Iran
also spelled  Qazvīn  

      city, Markazī (Tehrān) ostān (province), north-central Iran, in a wide, fertile plain at the southern foot of the Elburz Mountains. Originally called Shad Shāhpūr, it was founded by the Sāsānian king Shāpūr I about AD 250. It flourished in early Muslim times (7th century), serving as a base for Islamization, and was surrounded by strong fortifications by Hārūn al-Rashīd (Hārūn ar-Rashīd). Genghis Khan laid waste the city; however, it revived under the Ṣafavids when Shāh Ṭahmāsp I (ruled 1524–1576) moved the capital from Tabriz to Kazvin. The city lost its eminence once again when ʿAbbās I (the Great; ruled 1588–1629) transferred the government to Isfahan in 1598. Nāder Shāh assumed the crown in Kazvin shortly after his return from invading India in 1739 and before returning to Meshed, then capital of Iran. Āghā Moḥammed Khān (Āghā Moḥammad Khān) of the Qājār dynasty reestablished Kazvin about 1796 as a major base for foreign trade with the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Asia Minor. Interference by Russia and Britain in the internal politics of Iran in the 19th century and the autocratic rule of the country resulted in unrest and the growth of a nationalist movement. The city fell to a nationalist force from Rasht in 1909. The British established a military headquarters in Kazvin in the 1920s; a coup d'état was launched from Kazvin in 1921 that led to Iran's consolidation under Reza Shah Pahlavi. There were riots and fighting between the local people and the Iranian army during the Iranian Revolution in 1978–79.

      Kazvin is a regional communications centre, connected by road and rail with Tehrān and Tabriz and by road with the Caspian Sea and Hamadan. Industries include cloth weaving, cotton ginning, wool carding, flour milling, food processing, and electrical equipment manufacturing. There is also a thermoelectric plant, and a modern poultry-raising complex was developed with the help of the former Agricultural Development Bank of Iran. Buildings dating from the time of the Seljuq sultans include the Jāmiʿ Masjid (Friday Mosque); the Madrasah Haidariye, a square hall surmounted by a cupola; the tomb of Mostowfi, the Persian traveler; and the mosque of the shah. In the mountains about 37 miles (60 km) northeast of Kazvin are the remains of a castle of the Assassins (Assassin). Pop. (2006) 355,338.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • KAZVIN — KAZVIN, a town situated between teheran and the Caspian Sea. The name of the town is probably related to the word Caspian. benjamin of Tudela (1167) mentions the existence of Jews in mountains and areas adjacent to Kazvin. The local tradition… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Kazvin — geographical name see Qazvin …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Kazvin — Kaz•vin [[t]kæzˈvin[/t]] n. geg Qazvin …   From formal English to slang

  • Kazvin — /kaz veen /, n. Qazvin …   Useful english dictionary

  • Qazvin — /kaz veen /, n. a city in NW Iran, NW of Teheran: capital of Persia in the 16th century. 107,000. Also, Kazvin. * * * or Kazvīn City (pop., 1996: 291,117), northwestern Iran. Founded as Shad Shāhpūr in AD 250, it flourished under Muslim rule in… …   Universalium

  • Qazvin — or Kazvin geographical name city NW Iran S of Elburz Mountains & NW of Tehran population 248,591 …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Reza Shah — For the Afghan serial killer, see Reza Khan (Taliban). Infobox Monarch | name =Rezā Shāh Pahlavi reign =December 15, 1925 September 16, 1941 coronation = predecessor =Ahmad Shah Qajar successor =Mohammad Reza Pahlavi consort =Tadj ol Molouk issue …   Wikipedia

  • Qazvīn Province — Infobox Iran Province province name = Qazvīn ostan name = قزوین loc capital = Qazvin latd = 36.2693 longd = 50.0029 area = 15,549 pop = 1,166,861 pop year = 2005 pop density = 75.0 sub provinces = 5 languages= Persian Tati Azeri Gilaki Talysh… …   Wikipedia

  • Provinces of Iran — Iran This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Iran …   Wikipedia

  • Qazvin — Infobox Settlement official name = Qazvin other name = native name = قزوین nickname = settlement type = motto = image size = image caption = Shazdeh Hosein shrine flag size = image seal size = image shield = shield size = city logo = citylogo… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”