glutamine

glutamine
/glooh"teuh meen', -min/, n. Biochem.
a crystalline amino acid, HOOCCH(NH2)CH2CH2CONH2, related to glutamic acid. Abbr.: Gln; Symbol: Q
[1880-85; GLUT(EN) + -AMINE]

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One of the nonessential amino acids, closely related to glutamic acid.

It is especially important in the cellular metabolism of animals as the only amino acid capable of readily crossing the blood-brain barrier. It is used in medicine and biochemical research and as a feed additive.

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      an amino acid, the monoamide of glutamic acid, and an abundant constituent of proteins. First isolated from gliadin, a protein present in wheat (1932), glutamine is widely distributed in plants; e.g., beets, carrots, and radishes. Important in cellular metabolism in animals, glutamine is the only amino acid capable of readily crossing the barrier between blood and brain and, with glutamic acid, is thought to account for about 80 percent of the amino nitrogen (−NH2) of brain tissue. It is one of several so-called nonessential amino acids; i.e., animals can synthesize it from glutamic acid and do not require dietary sources.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • glutamine — [ glytamin ] n. f. • 1884; de glutamique ♦ Biochim. Un des vingt acides aminés constituant les protéines, amide de l acide glutamique. ● glutamine nom féminin Acide aminé permettant à l organisme de neutraliser l action toxique de l ammoniaque en …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • glutamine — glutamine. См. глутамин. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • glutamine — [glo͞ot′ə mēn΄, glo͞ot′əmin] n. [ GLUT(EN) + AMINE] a nonessential amino acid, H2NC(O)(CH2) 2CH(NH2)COOH: see AMINO ACID …   English World dictionary

  • Glutamine — NatOrganicBox Chemical structure of L glutamine name=(2S) 2 amino 4 carbamoyl butanoic acid PubChem = 738 CAS = 56 85 9 ChemSpiderID = 718 SMILES = N [C@@H] (CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O C=5 | H=10 | N=2 | O=3 mass=146.15 g/molGlutamine (abbreviated as Gln or …   Wikipedia

  • glutamine — (= Gln; Q; 146 D) One of the 20 amino acids commonly found (and directly coded for) in proteins. It is the amide at the g carboxyl of the amino acid glutamate. Glutamine can participate in covalent cross linking reactions between proteins, by… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • glutamine — glutaminas statusas T sritis chemija formulė H₂NCOCH₂CH₂CH(NH₂)COOH santrumpa( os) Gln, Q, Glu NH₂ atitikmenys: angl. glutamine rus. глутамин ryšiai: sinonimas – 2 amino 4 karbamoilbutano rūgštis …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase — is an enzyme. Also known as Glutamate synthase. Frequently abbreviated as GOGAT. This enzyme manufactures glutamate from glutamine and α ketoglutarate. [citebook|title=Discoveries in Plant Biology: V. 1|author= Shain dow Kung, Shang Fa… …   Wikipedia

  • Glutamine synthetase — Protein Name=PAGENAME caption= Symbol=GLUL AltSymbols= HGNCid= Chromosome=1 Arm=q Band=31 LocusSupplementaryData= ECnumber=6.3.1.2 OMIM=138290 EntrezGene=2752 RefSeq=NM 002065 UniProt=P15104 PDB=Glutamine synthetase (GS) (EC number|6.3.1.2) [… …   Wikipedia

  • Glutamine N-phenylacetyltransferase — In enzymology, a glutamine N phenylacetyltransferase (EC number|2.3.1.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:phenylacetyl CoA + L glutamine ightleftharpoons CoA + alpha N phenylacetyl L glutamineThus, the two substrates of this… …   Wikipedia

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