glutamic acid

glutamic acid
/glooh tam"ik/, Biochem.
an amino acid, HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH, obtained by hydrolysis from wheat gluten and sugar-beet residues, used commercially chiefly in the form of its sodium salt to intensify the flavor of meat or other food. Abbr.: Glu; Symbol: E
Also, glutaminic acid /glooh"teuh min"ik, glooh'-/.
[1870-75; GLUT(EN) + AMIC ACID]

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One of the nonessential amino acids, closely related to glutamine.

The two constitute a substantial fraction of the amino acids in many proteins (10–20% in many cases and up to 45% in some plant proteins). An important metabolic intermediate as well as a neurotransmitter molecule in the central nervous system, glutamic acid finds uses in medicine and biochemical research. Its sodium salt is the food flavour enhancer monosodium glutamate (MSG).

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      an amino acid occurring in substantial amounts as a product of the hydrolysis of proteins. Certain plant proteins (e.g., gliadin) yield as much as 45 percent of their weight as glutamic acid; other proteins yield 10 to 20 percent. Much of this content may result from the presence of a related substance, glutamine, in proteins; glutamine is converted to glutamic acid when a protein is hydrolyzed. First isolated in 1865, glutamic acid is an important metabolic intermediate. It is one of several so-called nonessential amino acids; i.e., animals can synthesize it from oxoglutaric acid (formed in the metabolism of carbohydrates) and do not require dietary sources. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a salt of glutamic acid, is sometimes used as a condiment for flavouring foods.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Glutamic acid — Glutamic acid …   Wikipedia

  • Glutamic acid — Glutamic Glu*tam ic, a. [Gluten + amic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to gluten. [1913 Webster] {Glutamic acid}, a nitrogenous organic acid obtained from certain albuminoids, as gluten; called also {amido glutaric acid}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • glutamic acid — [glo͞o tam′ik] n. [ GLUT(EN) + AM(INO) + IC] a nonessential amino acid, COOH(CH2) 2CH(NH2)COOH: see AMINO ACID …   English World dictionary

  • glutamic acid — glutamic acid. См. глутаминовая кислота. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

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  • glutamic acid — glutamo rūgštis statusas T sritis chemija formulė HOOCCH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂COOH santrumpa( os) Glu, E atitikmenys: angl. glutamic acid rus. глутаминовая кислота ryšiai: sinonimas – 2 aminopentano dirūgštis …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Glutamic acid (flavor) — This article is about glutamic acid as a flavor compound. For the chemical compound monosodium glutamate (MSG), see monosodium glutamate. For glutamic acid in general, see glutamic acid. Crystalline sodium glutamate Glutamic acid and its ions and …   Wikipedia

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  • glutamic acid — An amino acid; the sodium salt is monosodium glutamate. Cf.:glutamate. g. dehydrogenases SYN: glutamate dehydrogenases. g. hydrochloride a gastric acidifier alleged to aid in digestion; also used for gastric HCl replacement therapy …   Medical dictionary

  • glutamic acid — (= Glu; E; 147 D) One of the 20 a amino acids commonly found in proteins. Plays a central role in amino acid metabolism, acting as precursor of glutamine, proline and arginine. Also acts as amino group donor in synthesis by transamination of… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

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