gesso

gesso
/jes"oh/, n., pl. gessoes.
1. gypsum or plaster of Paris prepared with glue for use as a surface for painting.
2. any plasterlike preparation to prepare a surface for painting, gilding, etc.
3. a prepared surface of plaster or plasterlike material for painting, gilding, etc.
[1590-1600; < It < L gypsum GYPSUM]

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art
      (Italian: “gypsum,” or “chalk”), fluid, white coating composed of plaster of paris, chalk, gypsum, or other whiting mixed with glue, applied to smooth surfaces such as wood panels, plaster, stone, or canvas to provide the ground for tempera and oil painting or for gilding and painting carved furniture and picture frames. In Medieval and Renaissance tempera painting, the surface was covered first with a layer of gesso grosso (rough gesso) made with coarse, unslaked plaster, then with a series of layers of gesso sottile (finishing gesso) made with fine plaster slaked in water, which produced an opaque, white, reflective surface.

      In the 14th century, Giotto (Giotto di Bondone), the notable Italian painter, used a finishing gesso of parchment glue and slaked plaster of paris. In medieval tempera painting, background areas intended for gilding were built up into low relief with gesso duro (hard gesso), a less absorbent composition also used for frame moldings, with patterns often pressed into the gesso with small carved woodblocks. Modern gesso is made of chalk mixed with glue obtained from the skins of rabbits or calves.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Gesso — [ dIPA|ʒɛsIPA|ːo] is the Italian word for Board chalk (akin to the Greek word gypsum ), and is a powdered form of the mineral calcium carbonate used in art. Gesso was traditionally mixed with animal glue, usually rabbit skin glue, to use as an… …   Wikipedia

  • Gesso — ist der italienische Begriff für Gips oder Kreide und bezeichnet die traditionelle Grundierung auf Leinwänden. Gesso ist der Oberbegriff für eine Substanz, die aus Hasenhautleim und Schlämmkreide (Kalziumkarbonat) besteht. Der Begriff ist die… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • gesso — / dʒɛs:o/ s.m. [lat. gypsum, dal gr. gýpsos ]. 1. (miner.) [minerale monoclino, costituito da solfato di calcio biidrato, che si presenta in masse granulari o in cristalli sfaldabili]. 2. (estens.) a. [bastoncino, costituito dal minerale macinato …   Enciclopedia Italiana

  • gesso — |ê| s. m. 1. Sulfato de cal hidratado. (Misturado com água, o gesso faz presa formando uma massa ao mesmo tempo sólida e tenra. Utiliza se esta propriedade para a reprodução de esculturas, a imobilização de membros fraturados, na construção,… …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • Gesso — Ges so, n. [It., chalk, plaster.] 1. Plaster of Paris, or gypsum, esp. as prepared for use in painting, or in making bas reliefs and the like; by extension, a plasterlike or pasty material spread upon a surface to fit it for painting or gilding,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • gesso — GÉSSO s. n. 1. (statuetă de) ghips. 2. (pict.) strat gros format din clei şi culoare albă. (< it. gesso) Trimis de raduborza, 15.09.2007. Sursa: MDN …   Dicționar Român

  • gesso — plaster of Paris, 1590s, from It. gesso, from L. gypsum (see GYPSUM (Cf. gypsum)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • gesso — ► NOUN ▪ a hard compound of plaster of Paris or whiting in glue, used in sculpture. ORIGIN Italian, from Greek gupsos gypsum …   English terms dictionary

  • gesso — [jes′ō] n. [It, gypsum, chalk < L gypsum, GYPSUM] plaster of Paris (or, now, chalk) mixed with glue and applied to flat or carved surfaces or as bas reliefs, etc. and then painted, gilded, etc …   English World dictionary

  • Gesso — Le Gesso (mot italien venant du grec « gypse » ou plâtre) est un enduit à base de plâtre et de colle animale, utilisé pour préparer, à partir du Moyen Age, les panneaux de bois destinés à être peints, notamment à la tempera puis à l… …   Wikipédia en Français

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