coenzyme

coenzyme
coenzymatic /koh en'zuy mat"ik, -zi-/, adj.,coenzymatically, adv.
/koh en"zuym/, n. Biochem.
a molecule that provides the transfer site for biochemical reactions catalyzed by an enzyme.
[1905-10; < G Ko-enzym; see CO-, ENZYME]

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Any of a number of freely diffusing organic compounds that function as cofactors with enzymes in promoting a variety of metabolic reactions.

Coenzymes participate in enzyme-mediated catalysis in stoichiometric (mole-for-mole) amounts, are modified during the reaction, and may require another enzyme-catalyzed reaction to restore them to their original state. Examples include nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which accepts hydrogen (and gives it up in another reaction), and ATP, which gives up phosphate groups while transferring chemical energy (and reacquires phosphate in another reaction). Most of the B vitamins (see vitamin B complex) are coenzymes and are essential in facilitating the transfer of atoms or groups of atoms between molecules in the formation of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. See also metabolism; stoichiometry.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Coenzyme A — Identifiers CAS number …   Wikipedia

  • Coenzyme M — is a coenzyme required for methyl transfer reactions in the metabolism of methanogens.[1][2] The coenzyme is an anion with the formula …   Wikipedia

  • coenzyme — [ koɑ̃zim ] n. m. ou f. • co enzyme 1909; de co et enzyme ♦ Biochim. Substance organique non protéique, qui peut s unir à un apoenzyme pour donner un enzyme actif. Coenzyme A : dérivé de l acide pantothénique jouant un rôle essentiel dans les… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Coenzyme B — IUPAC name 2 [(7 mercapto 1 oxoheptyl)amino] 3 phosphonooxybutanoic acid …   Wikipedia

  • Coenzyme Q-10 — Coenzyme Q10 Coenzyme Q10 Général Nom IUPAC 2,3 diméthoxy 5 méthyl 6 decaprénylbenzoquinone Synonymes …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Coenzyme B — Structure de la coenzyme B Général Nom IUPAC acide 2 [(7 mercapto 1 oxoheptyl)amino] 3 phosphonooxybutanoïque …   Wikipédia en Français

  • coenzyme A — co*en zyme A (k[ o]*[e^]n z[imac]m [=a] ), (Biochem.) a coenzyme ({C21H36N7O16P3S}) that participates in the transfer of acetyl groups in biochemical reactions; abbreviated {CoA}. It contains adenosine, phosphate, pantothenic acid and cysteamine… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Coenzyme Q ou Co Q — ● Coenzyme Q ou Co Q coenzyme intervenant dans la chaîne des transferts d électrons intracellulaires chaîne respiratoire …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • coenzyme — co*en zyme (k[ o]*[e^]n z[imac]m), (Biochem.) a molecule that is essential for the activity of some enzymes; it may exist free in solution within a living organism, but functions by binding to an enzyme to assist in catalyzing a reaction. The… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • coenzyme A — coenzyme A. См. кофермент А. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • coenzyme Q — coenzyme Q. См. убихинон. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

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